基于超效率SBM的省际全要素能源效率差异研究

发布时间：2018-02-17 06:29

本文关键词： 全要素能源效率超效率SBM模型非期望产出　出处：《成都理工大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：能源作为重要的战略资源,是现代社会经济发展的基本要素,在经济运行中发挥着不可替代的作用。改革开放以来,中国经济水平显著提高,能源消费量也不断增长,但与此同时,出现了能源供需矛盾突出、环境问题日益严重、能源效率地区差异明显等一系列问题。为缓解中国国内严峻的能源及环境问题,政府制定了一系列的节能减排政策,但是这些政策却存在着“一刀切”现象,各省份节能减排目标并不明确。因此,有必要对省际能源效率差异进行研究,并制定符合地区实际情况的节能减排政策。以我国省际能源效率为研究对象,在考虑环境约束下探讨我国省际全要素能源效率的差异性问题。首先,对比单要素能源效率与全要素能源效率,对基于非期望产出的全要素能源效率评价理论与方法进行梳理。其次,借鉴考虑非期望产出的SBM模型与超效率SBM模型,将非期望产出加入到超效率SBM模型中。再次,结合实际发展情况与数据情况,选择不同的环境污染物作为非期望产出,测算三种不同产出物的省际全要素能源效率,详细分析省际能源效率的特点,对比分析基于不同产出变量模型下的能源效率。然后,针对考虑二氧化碳的省际全要素能源效率采用基尼指数、泰尔指数、对数均值测算了省际全要素能源效率差异,随后利用泰尔指数测算区域之间及区域内部省际全要素能源效率差异,并做了聚类分析,实证分析省际全要素能源效率的差异。最后,针对地区实际情况,提出具有地区特点的差异节能减排政策建议。研究发现,在考虑非期望产出的有效决策单元时,各省的能源效率值均比不考虑非期望产出的超效率SBM模型的效率值低,考虑二氧化碳非期望产出的超效率SBM模型的效率值又低于考虑二氧化硫非期望产出的效率值。我国能源效率值较高的省份多位于东部地区,主要包括了上海、广东、福建、辽宁、安徽、海南、江苏等,效率值较低的省份大部分位于西部地区,而能源效率排名靠后的省份有陕西、河南、贵州、山西、甘肃等。考虑了二氧化碳非期望产出的能效聚类结果较平均,山西、宁夏、贵州等省份处于低效区的省份,这意味着这些省份存在较大效率损失,是节能减排的重点治理区域。我国省际能源效率的差异明显,仍有需要缩小的空间。在总差异中区域内的差异占有绝对的比重,但区域间的差异在不断增大。因此,需要根据不同省份能源效率状况,因地制宜,分解节能减排目标,制定差异化节能减排政策。加强各种形式的区域内及区域间合作,促进生产要素的流动和信息交流,加快缩小区域内及区域间能源效率差异。此外,需要提高资源配置、引进高新技术,特别是节能技术方面的技术合作。改善能源消费结构,从源头上节能。从而实现全面提升我国的能源效率,解决能源供需矛盾,缓解经济发展与环境污染问题,促进社会的可持续发展。
[Abstract]:Energy, as an important strategic resource, is the basic element of modern social and economic development and plays an irreplaceable role in economic operation. Since the reform and opening up, China's economic level has improved significantly, and its energy consumption has been increasing. However, at the same time, a series of problems have emerged, such as the prominent contradiction between energy supply and demand, the increasingly serious environmental problems, the obvious regional differences in energy efficiency, and so on. In order to alleviate the severe domestic energy and environmental problems in China, The government has formulated a series of energy saving and emission reduction policies, but these policies have a "one-size-fits-all" phenomenon, and the targets for energy conservation and emission reduction in various provinces are not clear. Therefore, it is necessary to study the differences in energy efficiency between provinces. Taking the inter-provincial energy efficiency of our country as the research object and considering the environmental constraints, this paper discusses the differences of the energy efficiency among provinces in China. Compared with single factor energy efficiency and total factor energy efficiency, the theory and method of energy efficiency evaluation based on non-expected output are summarized. Secondly, SBM model and super-efficiency SBM model considering non-expected output are used for reference. The non-expected output is added to the super-efficiency SBM model. Thirdly, combined with the actual development and data, different environmental pollutants are selected as non-expected outputs to measure the inter-provincial energy efficiency of three different outputs. The characteristics of inter-provincial energy efficiency are analyzed in detail, and the energy efficiency based on different output variables is compared. The logarithmic mean is used to measure the difference of total factor energy efficiency among provinces, and then the difference of total factor energy efficiency between and within regions is calculated by using the Terre index, and the cluster analysis is done. Finally, according to the actual situation of the region, the paper puts forward the policy recommendations of energy saving and emission reduction with regional characteristics. The study finds that, when considering the effective decision-making unit of non-expected output, The energy efficiency of each province is lower than that of the superefficiency SBM model, which does not take into account the non-expected output. The efficiency of SBM model considering non-expected output of carbon dioxide is also lower than that of non-expected output of sulfur dioxide. The provinces with higher energy efficiency value in China are located in the eastern region, mainly including Shanghai, Guangdong, Fujian. Liaoning, Anhui, Hainan, Jiangsu and other provinces with low efficiency values are mostly located in the western region, while the provinces with lower energy efficiency are Shaanxi, Henan, Guizhou, and Shanxi. Gansu et al. considered the average results of energy efficiency clustering with non-expected output of carbon dioxide. Shanxi, Ningxia, Guizhou and other provinces are in inefficient areas, which means that these provinces have greater efficiency losses. The difference of energy efficiency between provinces in China is obvious, and there is still room for narrowing. The difference within the region occupies an absolute proportion of the total difference, but the difference between regions is increasing. According to the situation of energy efficiency in different provinces, according to local conditions, we need to break down energy saving and emission reduction targets, formulate differentiated energy saving and emission reduction policies, strengthen various forms of intraregional and interregional cooperation, and promote the flow of factors of production and the exchange of information, Accelerating the reduction of energy efficiency disparities within and between regions. In addition, there is a need to improve resource allocation, technical cooperation in the introduction of high and new technologies, in particular energy-saving technologies, and to improve the structure of energy consumption, Energy saving from the source can improve the energy efficiency of our country, solve the contradiction between energy supply and demand, alleviate the problem of economic development and environmental pollution, and promote the sustainable development of society.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F224;F426.2

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