天津市燃气锅炉大气污染物近距离垂向扩散环境影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-04 05:00

本文选题：燃气锅炉　切入点：气象参数本地化　出处：《天津大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近几年以来我国大气污染问题日益突出,尤其是以京津冀地区已形成了区域性复合型大气污染态势。为了切实维护人民群众根本利益,改善大气环境质量,作为调整能源结构的一种手段,燃煤锅炉正迅速被燃气锅炉替代。但是随着高层建筑的日益增多,燃气锅炉与周边高层的距离和排气筒高度迫切的需要一个快速、准确的查找方式。在此情况下,我们开展了燃气锅炉大气污染物排放近距离垂向扩散环境影响研究。SCREEN3估算模式是国家环境保护部颁布实施的《环境影响评价技术导则-大气环境》(HJ2.2-2008)中推荐的估算模式,被广泛的应用于大气环境影响评价等级确定和三级评价大气影响估算方面。但是由于其气象参数的预先设定,在现实的大气环境影响预测工作中,气象参数不符合实际情况,将导致最终预测结果的偏差,直接影响整体环境预测结论的可信性和环保治理措施的针对性。本论文首先对SCREEN3估算模式进行原理和构架的剖析,从大气稳定度、风速、风廓线指数等气象参数的本地化和计算情景的调整等几个方面进行模式修正,秉持着符合天津气象特点的原则,对SCREEN3估算模式参数进行本地化修正,提高模型在天津市的适用性和针对性。大气环境影响预测是环境影响评价体系中重要的组成部分,预测计算结果有助于直观模拟和了解大气污染物扩散特征。本文在研究SCREEN3估算模型气象条件本地化,提高SCREEN3估算模式在天津市的适用性的基础上,以NO_X为主要污染因子分析了天津市燃气锅炉大气污染物垂直方向上的扩散特征,摸清污染物空间浓度分布规律和影响程度,绘制了不同规模燃气锅炉的近距离NO_X垂直方向等值线图,有助于在后续的环境影响评价过程中提出具体的污染防治措施,为燃气锅炉房项目的环境管理、设计选址、烟囱高度选取提供参考依据,实现社会、经济和环境效益的统一。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the problem of air pollution in China has become increasingly prominent, especially in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, where a regional composite air pollution situation has been formed. In order to effectively safeguard the fundamental interests of the people and improve the quality of the atmospheric environment, As a means of adjusting energy structure, coal-fired boilers are rapidly replaced by gas-fired boilers. But with the increasing number of high-rise buildings, the distance between gas-fired boilers and the surrounding high-rise buildings and the height of exhaust tubes are in urgent need of a rapid development. Accurate search. In this case, We have carried out a close distance vertical diffusion environmental impact study on atmospheric pollutant emissions from gas-fired boilers. The estimation model of SCREEN3 is recommended in the Technical guidelines for Environmental impact Assessment-Atmospheric Environment, issued and implemented by the State Ministry of Environmental Protection, HJ2.2-2008. It has been widely used in the determination of atmospheric environmental impact assessment grade and in the estimation of atmospheric impact at three levels. However, due to the pre-setting of its meteorological parameters, the meteorological parameters do not conform to the actual situation in the actual atmospheric environmental impact prediction work. It will lead to the deviation of the final forecast result, and will directly affect the credibility of the overall environmental prediction conclusion and the pertinence of the environmental protection treatment measures. Firstly, this paper analyzes the principle and framework of the SCREEN3 estimation model, and analyzes the atmospheric stability, wind speed, and wind speed. Several aspects such as the localization of meteorological parameters such as wind profile index and the adjustment of calculation scenarios were carried out to modify the model parameters of SCREEN3 estimation in accordance with the principle of Tianjin meteorological characteristics. Improve the applicability and pertinence of the model in Tianjin. Atmospheric environmental impact prediction is an important part of the environmental impact assessment system. The prediction results are helpful to the direct simulation and understanding of the characteristics of atmospheric pollutant diffusion. This paper studies the localization of meteorological conditions of SCREEN3 estimation model and improves the applicability of SCREEN3 estimation model in Tianjin. Using NO_X as the main pollution factor, this paper analyzes the vertical diffusion characteristics of air pollutants in Tianjin gas boiler, and finds out the distribution law and influence degree of pollutants in space. Drawing the isoline map of NO_X vertical direction of gas boiler of different scale, it is helpful to put forward concrete pollution prevention and control measures in the following environmental impact assessment process, and to design the location for the environmental management of gas boiler house project. The selection of chimney height provides reference for realizing the unity of social, economic and environmental benefits.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：X51;X77

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