柴油机曲柄连杆机构轴承润滑和磨损性能优化

发布时间：2018-03-28 12:21

本文选题：柴油机曲柄连杆机构　切入点：轴承　出处：《重庆大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前国内外对柴油机曲柄连杆机构轴承研究主要从轴承的钢背材料、合金层的镀层材料性能、轴承壁厚、轴承间隙、轴承油膜、轴承材料的抗咬合性、耐腐蚀性、磨合性方面进行研究,设计出的轴承材料利用率低、价格昂贵、磨合期易出现拉伤或抱死故障、轴承间隙偏大、磨损大、寿命低、整机润滑系统机油流量偏大、整机低转速机油压力过低报警、活塞冷却不良等问题。针对这些问题,本课题从柴油机曲柄连杆机构运转情况为背景进行研究,重点研究轴承油孔油槽布置对轴承润滑、受力、以及对机油系统压力和流量的影响。首先从运动力学角度出发,分析CW6250曲轴轴颈和轴承的载荷分布情况,得出曲轴和轴承油槽油孔布置设计时需避开的重负荷分布区域;然后轴承工作的重负荷、高速度、高温度、结构空间受限的特殊性出发,对CW6250曲柄连杆机构轴承关键方面进行了合理性分析,得出了CW6250主轴瓦和连杆小端衬套的设计是合理的,而连杆大端轴瓦油槽和油孔的布置设计是极不合理的,需对其进行改进;其次从CW6250曲轴油孔布置和活塞的冷却方式出发,建立曲柄连杆机构轴承供油模型,对油槽和油孔第一次改进前和改进后的连杆大端轴瓦的载荷、供油情况、活塞的冷却、整机机油压力和流量消耗进行分析,提出了新的改进方案;最后采Excite-Designer仿真分析软件和台架试验,对改进轴承进行仿真分析校核计算和台架验证。从轴承磨损、轴颈磨损、活塞冷却、机油压力、机油流量方面看,油槽和油孔改进的连杆轴瓦达到了预期改进效果,解决了改进前轴承异常偏磨、活塞冷却不良、整机系统机油流量偏大、机油压力偏低报警问题,提高轴承的可靠性,满足了柴油机的使用要求,同时降低整机机油系统流量和负功率消耗,提高了柴油机的经济性。
[Abstract]:At home and abroad to study the bearing crank connecting rod mechanism of diesel engine main bearing steel back from the material properties of the coating material, alloy layer, bearing wall thickness, bearing clearance, bearing oil film bearing, anti bite material, corrosion resistance, are studied in terms of use, low rate of bearing material design price expensive, prone to injury or death in the fault, the bearing clearance is too large, wear, low life, large oil flow lubrication system, the low speed and low oil pressure alarm problem, piston cooling bad. To solve these problems, this topic from the operation of the diesel engine crank connecting rod mechanism as the research background. Focus on the bearing oil hole oil groove is arranged on the stress bearing lubrication, and the effects on the oil pressure and flow. The first movement from the view of mechanics analysis of the load distribution of CW6250 crankshaft and bearing, The crankshaft and bearing oil groove oil hole layout design to avoid the heavy load distribution obtained; then heavy load bearing work, high speed, high temperature, special structure of the limited space of the CW6250 crank bearing key aspects of the rationality analysis, the design of CW6250 main bearing and the connecting rod small end the bushing is reasonable, and the layout design of connecting rod big end bearing oil groove and oil hole is extremely unreasonable, which needs to be improved; second from the cooling mode of CW6250 crankshaft oil hole arrangement and the piston of a crank shaft bearing oil supply model, load, on the connecting rod big end bearing oil groove and oil hole the first time before and after the improvement of the supply situation, the cooling of the oil pressure and flow consumption analysis, put forward new improvement scheme; finally, Excite-Designer software simulation analysis and bench test on Simulation calculation and verification bench bearing improvement. From bearing wear, the shaft neck wear, piston cooling, oil pressure, oil flow, connecting rod bearing oil groove and hole to achieve the desired improvement effect, solve the improvement of front bearing abnormal abrasion, piston cooling bad system oil flow too large, low oil pressure alarm, improve the reliability of bearings, meet the requirements of the diesel engine, and reduce the flow of oil system and negative power consumption, improve the economy of diesel engine.

【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TK423

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