电站余热锅炉滑压参数及给水系统优化

发布时间：2018-04-01 00:22

本文选题：燃气-蒸汽联合循环　切入点：余热锅炉　出处：《华南理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着节能与环保的要求日益严格,以及天然气的大量引入,燃气-蒸汽联合循环机组因其发电效率高、污染物排放少等优势而发展迅速。国家十二五‖规划中更是把建立燃气-水蒸汽联合循环机组发电厂作为全国一个重要的发展项目,全国各重要城市会逐步以联合循环机组取代燃煤等污染较大的发电机组;并且燃气轮机及其联合循环机组建设周期短、负荷调整灵活等特点,对目前的冷热电联供及分布式能源系统有更大的发展空间。因此,针对燃气-蒸汽联合循环机组的节能优化进行研究,具有着重要的社会和经济意义。在实际运行中,联合循环机组受环境温度、燃气轮机实际运行性能、燃气轮机燃烧调整等因素的影响,使燃气轮机的排烟参数存在较大的变化,并且余热锅炉、汽轮机等部件也会随着运行小时数出现劣化,性能下降。因此,联合循环电站的余热锅炉实际运行情况与设计性能存在一定差异,从而影响余热锅炉的水蒸汽参数,使其与汽轮机的水蒸汽参数不匹配,降低汽轮机的效率及输出功率。本文在收集大量现场运行数据,并掌握余热锅炉工质特性的基础上,结合文献得出更精确的关系拟合式。结合实际运行数据及设计数据分析了余热锅炉及汽轮机的主要部件特性,建立了电站余热锅炉的仿真计算模型。运用电厂的实际余热锅炉烟气入口参数,以蒸汽轮机输出功率为函数,通过遗传算法寻找电站余热锅炉在某些负荷点下的最佳运行参数,拟合各个最优点压力,得出机组实际运行条件下余热锅炉的最佳滑压曲线。同时研究当燃气轮机排烟参数、汽轮机内效率、汽轮机通流能力发生变化时最佳滑压曲线的调整问题。给水系统是余热锅炉系统中最重要组成的部分之一,同时它也是最主要的辅机耗能部件。本文讨论了联合循环电厂给水系统,针对某电厂的实际运行泵进行了变速改造的节能优化分析。结果表明:平均负荷下给水泵能获得30%左右节能量;大部分工况能够满足给水系统压力要求,当不满足时可适当提升给水泵频率。余热锅炉滑压曲线及给水系统的优化结果表明,机组优化后发电机组能输出更多的功率,更能满足机组高效运行、国家节能减排的要求,同时优化结果为电厂实际优化运行指明了方向,具有现实的工程意义。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly stringent requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection, and the introduction of natural gas, gas-steam combined cycle units because of its high power generation efficiency, In the 12th Five-Year Plan of China, the establishment of gas-water steam combined cycle power plants is considered an important development project in the country. Major cities throughout the country will step by step replace coal-fired and other polluting generating units with combined cycle units; and gas turbines and their combined cycle units will have short construction cycles and flexible load adjustment. Therefore, it is of great social and economic significance to study the energy saving optimization of gas-steam combined cycle units, which is of great social and economic significance. The combined cycle unit is affected by the environmental temperature, the actual operation performance of the gas turbine, the combustion adjustment of the gas turbine and so on. The exhaust gas parameters of the gas turbine are greatly changed, and the waste heat boiler, The performance of steam turbine and other components will also deteriorate with the number of hours of operation. Therefore, the actual operation and design performance of waste heat boiler in combined cycle power station are different to some extent, thus affecting the steam parameters of waste heat boiler. It can not match the steam parameters of steam turbine, reduce the efficiency and output power of steam turbine. On the basis of collecting a large amount of field operation data and mastering the working fluid characteristics of waste heat boiler, In combination with the literature, a more accurate relationship fitting formula is obtained. Combined with the actual operation data and the design data, the characteristics of the main components of the waste heat boiler and steam turbine are analyzed. The simulation calculation model of waste heat boiler in power station is established. Using the actual flue gas inlet parameters of waste heat boiler in power plant and taking the output power of steam turbine as function, the optimal operating parameters of waste heat boiler in power station under some load points are found by genetic algorithm. The optimum slip pressure curve of the waste heat boiler under the actual operation condition of the unit is obtained by fitting each optimum pressure. At the same time, when the gas turbine exhaust gas parameter, the turbine internal efficiency is studied. The problem of adjusting the optimal slip pressure curve when the flow capacity of steam turbine changes. The feedwater system is one of the most important components of the waste heat boiler system. At the same time, it is also the most important auxiliary unit. This paper discusses the feed water system of combined cycle power plant. According to the energy saving optimization analysis of the actual operating pump in a power plant, the results show that the feed pump can obtain about 30% energy saving under the average load, and most of the working conditions can meet the pressure requirements of the feed water system. When it is not satisfied, the frequency of feed water pump can be raised properly. The results of the skid pressure curve of waste heat boiler and the optimization of feed water system show that the unit can output more power after optimization, and can meet the requirements of high efficiency operation of the unit and national energy saving and emission reduction. At the same time, the optimization result indicates the direction for the actual optimal operation of the power plant, and has practical engineering significance.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TK229.929

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