液态压缩空气储能系统热力性能关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 22:15

本文选题：储能技术　切入点：压缩空气　出处：《昆明理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着资源和环境问题的日益突出,储能技术的研究和发展越来越受到各国能源、交通、国防等部门的重视,储能技术的大规模应用将对现代化的能源生产和利用产生深远的影响和重要的作用。本文依托云南电网公司科技项目,以液态压缩空气储能系统为研究对象,分别从储能系统热力学建模及仿真、储能系统控制算法研究与动态仿真、储能系统节流液化关键技术实验研究等方面展开研究。储能技术的研究方法有理论研究、仿真模拟和实验研究三个方法,通过理论、仿真模拟和实验研究,探究系统热力学关键参数对储能/释能能力的影响,阐述各影响因素之间的相互关联性关系,为今后压缩空气储能技术的大规模开发应用提供有利的基础理论参考。本文在理论方面深入研究了液态压缩空气储能系统压缩和释放过程中热力学机理及特性,利用Aspen Plus流程模拟软件对总系统及空气压缩、节流液化、膨胀做功三个子单元进行热力学建模,得出空气压缩机及膨胀机应分四级等压比布置,较低的节流前温度,较高的节流前压力,有利于提高空气液化率等结论。利用Matlab/Simulink完成系统及子单元的热力学动态仿真与控制算法的研究,提出拟合液化过程前后各关键参数建立液化过程数学模型的方法,解决了液态压缩空气储能系统因包含相变过程,物理过程复杂,难以建模仿真的问题,以此掌握液态压缩空气储能系统压缩/释放过程中关键控制技术。本文以液态压缩空气储能系统为研究对象,对系统空气压缩/释放过程中节流液化过程开展了相关实验研究。实验中搭建了节流液化实验装置平台,主要的部件包括：主换热器、节流阀、低温液态空气储罐、冷箱、液氮罐、压缩空气源等。利用液氮作为系统的冷源,研究空气冷却、节流过程中的液化情况,分析压力、温度等参数对空气液化的影响,从而找出影响空气液化情况的关键参数,分析系统参数对储能、释能能力的影响,计算实验装置各部分损失,进行系统效率分析,探究影响液态压缩空气储能系统效率的因素关联关系并对系统的建模和仿真结果进行验证,研究表明,节流前温度越低,压力越高,节流后液化率越高,实验系统应尽量回收换热介质带走的热量、补充外来热源将是提升系统效率的有效手段。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly prominent problems of resources and environment, the research and development of energy storage technology has been paid more and more attention by the energy, transportation, national defense and other departments of various countries.Large-scale application of energy storage technology will have a profound impact and important role on modern energy production and utilization.Based on the scientific and technological project of Yunnan Power Grid Company, this paper takes the liquid compressed air energy storage system as the research object, respectively from the energy storage system thermodynamic modeling and simulation, energy storage system control algorithm research and dynamic simulation,The key technologies of throttling liquefaction of energy storage system are studied experimentally.The research methods of energy storage technology include three methods: theoretical research, simulation simulation and experimental research. Through theoretical, simulation and experimental research, the influence of the key thermodynamic parameters of the system on the energy storage / energy release ability is explored.The interrelation between the factors is expounded, which provides a favorable theoretical reference for the large-scale development and application of compressed air energy storage technology in the future.In this paper, the thermodynamic mechanism and characteristics during compression and release of liquid compressed air energy storage system are studied in theory. The total system and air compression and throttling liquefaction are simulated by Aspen Plus process simulation software.The thermodynamics model of three sub-units of expansion work is established. It is concluded that the air compressor and expander should be arranged in four-stage isobaric ratio, lower temperature before throttling and higher pre-throttling pressure, which is beneficial to the improvement of air liquefaction rate.The thermodynamic dynamic simulation and control algorithm of the system and sub-unit are studied by Matlab/Simulink, and the mathematical model of liquefaction process is established by fitting the key parameters before and after the liquefaction process.It solves the problem that the liquid compressed air energy storage system is difficult to model and simulate because of the complex physical process because of the phase change process, so as to master the key control technology of the liquid compressed air energy storage system during the compression / release process.In this paper, the liquid compressed air energy storage system is taken as the research object, and the related experiments are carried out on the throttling liquefaction process during the air compression / release process of the system.The main components include: main heat exchanger, throttle valve, cryogenic liquid air storage tank, cold box, liquid nitrogen tank, compressed air source and so on.By using liquid nitrogen as the cold source of the system, the liquefaction of air cooling and throttling is studied, and the influence of pressure and temperature on air liquefaction is analyzed. The key parameters affecting the air liquefaction are found out, and the system parameters for energy storage are analyzed.The effect of energy release capacity, the calculation of the loss of each part of the experimental device, the analysis of the system efficiency, the relationship between the factors affecting the efficiency of the liquid compressed air energy storage system, and the verification of the system modeling and simulation results show that,The lower the temperature before throttling, the higher the pressure and the higher the liquefaction rate after throttling. The experimental system should recover the heat taken away by heat transfer medium as far as possible, and supplement the external heat source will be an effective means to improve the efficiency of the system.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TK02

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