CFB锅炉磨损损伤部位预判研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 08:25

本文选题：CFB锅炉 + 磨损损伤　；参考：《华北理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：CFB锅炉燃烧技术是近几十年发展起来的洁净煤燃烧技术,在世界范围内得到了广泛推广和应用。CFB锅炉由于其结构特点及特殊的燃烧方式,导致炉内物料浓度高、气固两相流场不稳定,造成炉内各部件磨损严重。CFB锅炉磨损损伤问题不但制约着其长周期安全与稳定运行,也是学术理论与工程实际亟需解决的技术难题。以东方电厂CFB锅炉磨损故障为例证,采用冷态实验与数值模拟方法对CFB锅炉的磨损损伤进行了研究。首先,依据磨损机理,对磨损型式进行了重新分类,提出了CFB受热面磨损是多种磨损机理共同作用的观点。其次,通过对CFB锅炉炉内气固两相流动进行数值模拟,得到炉内不同部位颗粒的压力、速度及体积分数。模拟结果表明,速度大,压力高的位置磨损严重,因此可以预判出重点磨损部位;通过对CFB锅炉冷态实验进行研究,得到炉内、分离器不同高度颗粒的压力。对比分析表明,实验值与模拟值偏差均在10%以内,实验与模拟预判的磨损部位与现场磨损部位基本一致。最后,针对CFB锅炉不同磨损机理的防磨方法及不同磨损部位的防磨措施进行了优化。研究表明,采用CFB锅炉冷态实验与数值模拟相结合的研究方法,可提高研究结果的准确性,更符合现场实际情况,并能预判出磨损损伤严重部位,不但减少了机组的非停次数,还提高了机组运行的经济性。研究结果可为CFB锅炉新型防磨技术的应用提供理论基础和技术支撑。
[Abstract]:CFB boiler combustion technology is a clean coal combustion technology developed in recent decades. It has been widely used in the world. Because of its structural characteristics and special combustion mode, the material concentration in the boiler is high. The instability of gas-solid two-phase flow field results in serious wear of various parts in furnace. The problem of CFB boiler wear damage not only restricts its long-period safe and stable operation, but also is a technical problem that needs to be solved in academic theory and engineering practice. Taking the wear failure of CFB boiler in Dongfang Power Plant as an example, the wear damage of CFB boiler is studied by using cold test and numerical simulation method. Firstly, according to the wear mechanism, the wear patterns are reclassified, and the viewpoint that the wear of CFB heating surface is the joint action of various wear mechanisms is put forward. Secondly, through the numerical simulation of gas-solid two-phase flow in CFB boiler, the pressure, velocity and volume fraction of particles in different parts of the furnace are obtained. The simulation results show that the high speed and high pressure position wear seriously, so the key wear position can be pre-determined, and the pressure of different height particles in the separator can be obtained by studying the cold state experiment of CFB boiler. The comparison and analysis show that the deviation between the experimental value and the simulated value is less than 10%, and the wear position of the experimental and simulated prediction is basically the same as that of the field. Finally, the anti-wear methods of different wear mechanism and different wear parts of CFB boiler are optimized. The study shows that the research method of combining cold state experiment with numerical simulation of CFB boiler can improve the accuracy of the research results, be more in line with the actual situation on the spot, and can pre-judge the serious parts of wear damage, and not only reduce the non-stop times of the unit, but also improve the accuracy of the research results. It also improves the economy of unit operation. The results can provide theoretical basis and technical support for the application of new anti-wear technology for CFB boilers.
【学位授予单位】：华北理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TK229.66

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