基于STM32锅炉夹套温度串级控制系统的研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 20:51

  本文选题：锅炉夹套 + PID自整定　； 参考：《北方民族大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：锅炉夹套温度控制系统具有控制精度高、抗干扰能力强等优点,主要运用在石油、化工等对液体加热,其温升曲线必须满足一定的线性温升和生产安全要求,由于许多实践现场对温度的影响是多方面的,温度控制系统有其自身属性,表现在拥有控制的滞后特性,控制对象的非线性等使得温度的控制比较复杂,传统的加热装置由于继电器的应用导致过大体积,故障率高,且系统的噪声比较大,严重降低了正常的工业生产效率。采用高速的微处理器使得系统的软件调试变得简单、系统的工作模式选择变得丰富,能够提高智能化,改善传统继电控制模式的性能。设计中详细介绍了锅炉温度夹套温度控制的工艺流程,对温度控制的特性作了深入研究,通过对常规PID控制、串级PID控制策略控制进行MATLAB仿真效果对比,PID自整定后通过临界比例法及Z-N法获得PID控制参数,得出最适合锅炉温度控制的算法,满足其在特定情况下的温度升高曲线,提高了串级温度控制系统的控制参数在现场下的适应能力。在硬件选型上选用STM32作为CPU,确定了温度及压强变送器型号、执行机构型号等,对硬件连接情况进行了测试。在人机对话功能上,采用STM32的UCOS-II操作系统,建立可视化界面,实时查看采集温度、设备状况,并设置报警功能,操作系统使得系统智能化程度提高,控制更加方便。系统设计能够满足现场的温度控制要求,性能特性优良。
[Abstract]:The temperature control system of boiler jacket has the advantages of high control precision and strong anti-interference ability. It is mainly used in petroleum and chemical industry to heat liquid. Its temperature rise curve must meet certain linear temperature rise and production safety requirements. Because the influence of many practice sites on temperature is various, the temperature control system has its own properties, such as the hysteresis characteristic of control, the nonlinearity of control object, etc., which makes the temperature control more complicated. Because of the application of relay, the traditional heating device has the advantages of too large volume, high failure rate and high system noise, which seriously reduces the normal industrial production efficiency. The adoption of high speed microprocessor makes the software debugging of the system simple, and the choice of the working mode of the system becomes rich, which can improve the intelligence and improve the performance of the traditional relay control mode. In the design, the process of temperature control of boiler temperature jacket is introduced in detail, and the characteristics of temperature control are deeply studied. Through the conventional PID control, Comparison of MATLAB simulation results of cascade PID control strategy after pid self-tuning, the parameters of PID control are obtained by critical proportion method and Z-N method, and the most suitable algorithm for boiler temperature control is obtained, which satisfies the temperature rise curve of boiler under certain circumstances. The adaptability of the control parameters of the cascade temperature control system in the field is improved. In the selection of hardware, STM32 is selected as CPU, the temperature and pressure transmitter model, the type of actuator and so on are determined, and the hardware connection is tested. In the man-machine dialogue function, the STM32 UCOS-II operating system is adopted, the visual interface is established, the collection temperature, the equipment condition are viewed in real time, and the alarm function is set up. The operating system makes the system more intelligent and more convenient to control. The system design can meet the field temperature control requirements, and the performance of the system is excellent.
【学位授予单位】：北方民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TK223.7
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本文编号：1875551