采用模糊控制的锅炉给水自动控制系统

发布时间：2018-05-30 20:48

本文选题：锅炉 + 汽包水位　；参考：《大连工业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：锅炉在供热、化工、发电、炼油、纺织、造纸和制糖等工业及民用部门中得到了广泛的应用。为了确保锅炉能够安全,稳定的生产,对锅炉进行自动控制十分重要。汽包水位是锅炉中的一个非常重要的被控变量。这是因为汽包水位是锅炉安全、稳定运行的一个重要指标,确保控制汽包水位在正常的范围内变化,对于整个锅炉系统的安全运行具有重要的意义。现今,对汽包水位的控制大多数采用传统的PID控制方式,根据被控对象的数学模型建立。然而在实际生产过程中,汽包水位系统存在非线性、时滞性、不确定性等特点,其精确的数学模型很难建立。本设计中对汽包水位的动态特性和控制规律进行了分析,采用了汽包水位的三冲量控制方案。在控制算法方面,采用了模糊控制,模糊控制不需要知道被控对象精确模型,仅需要操作人员的经验及操作的数据,鲁棒性好。非常适用于数学模型比较难以获取,动态特性不容易掌握或者变化很显著的对象。尤其非常适合于非线性,时变及纯滞后系统的控制。根据控制系统的实际需要,设计出一个模糊控制器,并以8051单片机作为中央控制单元。根据汽包水位的变化来调节给水流量的大小,达到供水的目的,大幅提高了设备的自动化水平。
[Abstract]:Boiler is widely used in industrial and civil sectors such as heating, chemical, power generation, oil refining, textile, paper making and sugar making. In order to ensure the safety and stability of the boiler, the automatic control of the boiler is very important. The drum water level is a very important controlled variable in the boiler. This is because the drum water level is a boiler safety. An important indicator of stable operation to ensure that the control of the water level of the drum in the normal range is of great significance for the safe operation of the whole boiler system. Nowadays, the control of the water level of the drum mostly adopts the traditional PID control method, based on the mathematical model of the controlled object. However, in the actual production process, the steam package water is used. The position system has the characteristics of nonlinear, time delay, uncertainty and so on. Its precise mathematical model is difficult to establish. In this design, the dynamic characteristics and control rules of the drum water level are analyzed, and the three impulse control scheme of the drum water level is adopted. The exact model, which only needs the experience and operating data of the operator, is very robust. It is very suitable for the objects which are difficult to obtain in the mathematical model, and are not easy to master the dynamic characteristics or have very significant changes. It is especially suitable for the control of the nonlinear, time-varying and pure lag system. A fuzzy control is designed according to the actual needs of the control system. The system is used as the central control unit with 8051 single chip microcomputer. According to the change of the water level of the drum, the size of the water supply is adjusted to achieve the purpose of water supply, and the automation level of the equipment is greatly improved.
【学位授予单位】：大连工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TK223

【参考文献】