发动机气门表面强化设计与性能的研究
发布时间:2018-06-11 12:15
本文选题:气门 + 磨损 ; 参考:《华南理工大学》2016年硕士论文
【摘要】:气门是发动机配气机构中的关键部件之一。气门服役时承受着高温、冲击、摩擦磨损和腐蚀等恶劣工况,需要用高温强度高,抗机械冲击和热冲击性能好的高温合金钢来制备。虽然国内、外不断有新的气门材料被开发使用,但是其成本价格也不断上升,新的材料性能提高显著,但仍不能满足气门工作条件。在气门不同的受热和受力关键部位进行不同的表面强化,提高气门性能并且降低气门材料总体成本,是气门综合性能提高的有效方法。论文对CP169气门的应力模拟和温度场分布进行了研究,对怀集登云汽配股份有限公司的失效气门作统计分析,以此对气门的盘头锥面,气门杆和气门杆端面的表面强化进行了研究,得出结论如下:CP169气门的最高温度为575℃,位于气门的盘底部,其次高温为530℃,在气门的R位位置。气门的杆部工作温度较低,在200℃以下,根据实际情况,这些部位的温度均为冷热交替温度,会形成热疲劳。气门的最大拉应力出现在气门头部R圆弧处,为121MPa;最大压应力出现在气门锥面与气门座圈接触处,为56.3MPa,气门在实际工作时反复高速开启与闭合,属于疲劳应力。统计分析了怀集登云汽配股份有限公司气门的失效模式及原因,着重分析了气门的表面失效,提出了气门表面失效的防控方法-是加强气门表面强化处理。对气门盘锥面堆焊T400超硬合金粉工艺进行探索。多次工艺试验优化堆焊工艺参数,解决了4Cr10Si2Mo材料气门盘锥面堆焊T400合金粉出现气孔、夹渣、焊不透等缺陷问题。采用感应加热去应力方法对堆焊T400合金粉气门进行退火,解决了堆焊气门由于存在拉应力而盘部及时开裂的技术问题。针对气门的特点,开发了一种快速检测气门盘部应力的方法。对CP169气门表面电镀厚铬的研究,采用管形阳极快速镀铬,大大提高了气门杆部的镀铬层厚度均匀性,减少了镀铬后的精磨工序,降低了生产成本,使公司的气门镀铬技术上了一个新的台阶。对CP169气门帽形淬火工序的调查研究,发现其工序能力不足,提出了改进措施。改进措施实施后,CP169气门帽形淬火工序能力达到客户的要求,即CPK值达到1.33以上。用改进的表面强化工艺对CP169气门各部位分别强化,在主机厂进行了多种台架试验后,气门在规定时间内稳定可靠;其后小批量供货试验也完全满足了客户要求,目前已经大批量供货,气门综合使用性能已达到进口件。
[Abstract]:Valve is one of the key components of engine valve. The valve is subjected to high temperature, impact, friction and corrosion, etc. It is necessary to prepare high temperature alloy steel with high temperature strength, good mechanical impact resistance and thermal shock resistance. Although new valve materials have been developed and used in China and abroad, the cost and price of the new materials are also rising, and the performance of the new materials has been improved significantly, but they still can not meet the working conditions of the valves. It is an effective method to improve the comprehensive performance of the valve by strengthening the valve surface at different heating and stress points to improve the valve performance and reduce the total cost of valve material. In this paper, the stress simulation and temperature field distribution of CP169 valve are studied, and the failure valve of Waiji Dengyun Auto parts Co., Ltd. is statistically analyzed. The surface strengthening of the valve rod and the end surface of the valve rod has been studied. The conclusion is as follows: the highest temperature of the valve is 575 鈩,
本文编号:2005205
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