环境约束下的陕西省全要素能源效率研究

发布时间：2019-03-29 06:47

【摘要】：陕西省位于我国内陆腹地,作为能源大省,陕西省的煤储量、原油储量、天然气储量和油气产量均居于全国前列,已成为我国西气东输、西电东送、西煤东运的重要能源供应接续地。但是,陕西省能源利用面临着投入、市场和环境三大约束。陕西省能源供大于求的局面短时间内难以改变,工业链条短,产业集群少,市场集中度不够高的问题也制约了陕西省能源资源的开发和利用。同时,工业“三废”的过量排放也使得陕西部分地区的生态环境急剧恶化。由于资源与环境之间的矛盾没有得到根本的解决,因此,如何提高能源的利用效率,减轻能源开采和使用所带来环境治理压力已经成为陕西省需要切实关注的问题。本文通过对国内外能源效率相关文献的梳理和评述,确定了环境约束下的陕西省全要素能源效率这一研究框架,通过引入方向性距离函数,分别运用DEA模型和ML生产率指数,测算分析了陕西省10个市2002~2012年考虑碳排放与未考虑碳排放两种情形下的全要素能源效率及其变动分解规律。结果发现,前者的效率值往往高于后者;2002~2012年碳排放约束下陕西省全要素能源效率的变动呈现出了连续“N”型的波动趋势,且大体保持了与技术进步指数相一致的变化趋势;关中、陕南、陕北三大区域的能源效率变动基本上趋于一致,环境污染在其中的影响大致相当,技术进步是其变动的主要动力。在此基础上,本文进一步运用回归模型,从产业结构、能源消费结构、科技研发水平和市场化程度四个方面研究和分析了陕西省全要素能源效率的影响因素。结果发现,能源消费结构对陕西省全要素能源效率有着比较显著的正影响。科技研发水平对陕西省全要素能源效率的影响较为不明显。市场化程度对陕西省全要素能源效率有着十分显著的正影响。由此,提出了改变陕西省产业结构布局、调整能源消费结构、推进政府职能转变、坚持走环保清洁型能源利用道路、健全和完善生态环境补偿机制等建议。
[Abstract]:Shaanxi Province is located in the hinterland of China. As a major energy province, the coal reserves, crude oil reserves, natural gas reserves and oil and gas production of Shaanxi Province are in the forefront of the country. Shaanxi Province has become the west-east gas transmission and the west-east electricity transmission in China. Transportation of coal from west to east is an important source of energy supply. However, the utilization of energy in Shaanxi Province faces three major constraints: input, market and environment. The situation of energy supply exceeding demand in Shaanxi Province is difficult to change in a short time. The problems of short industrial chain, less industrial clusters and insufficient market concentration also restrict the development and utilization of energy resources in Shaanxi Province. At the same time, the excessive emission of industrial "three wastes" also makes the ecological environment of some areas of Shaanxi worsen sharply. Since the contradiction between resources and environment has not been solved fundamentally, how to improve the efficiency of energy utilization and reduce the pressure of environmental governance caused by energy exploitation and use has become a problem that needs to be paid attention to in Shaanxi Province. Based on the review of domestic and foreign literatures on energy efficiency, this paper determines the research framework of total factor energy efficiency in Shaanxi Province under environmental constraints. By introducing the directional distance function, the DEA model and ML productivity index are used, respectively. The total factor energy efficiency in 10 cities of Shaanxi Province from 2002 to 2012 is calculated and analyzed under the circumstances of considering carbon emissions and not considering carbon emissions, and its changing and decomposing rules are also analyzed. The results show that the efficiency value of the former is often higher than that of the latter, and the variation of total factor energy efficiency in Shaanxi Province under the constraints of carbon emissions from 2002 to 2012 presents a continuous "N" type of fluctuation trend, and generally maintains a change trend consistent with the technological progress index. In Guanzhong, southern and northern Shaanxi, the changes of energy efficiency tend to be consistent, and the influence of environmental pollution is about the same, and the technological progress is the main driving force of the change. On this basis, this paper further uses the regression model, from the industrial structure, energy consumption structure, scientific and technological research and development level and marketization of four aspects to study and analyze the factors affecting the total factor energy efficiency of Shaanxi Province. The results show that the energy consumption structure has a significant positive impact on the total factor energy efficiency of Shaanxi Province. The influence of R & D level on total factor energy efficiency of Shaanxi Province is not obvious. The degree of marketization has a very significant positive impact on the total factor energy efficiency of Shaanxi Province. Therefore, some suggestions are put forward, such as changing the distribution of industrial structure of Shaanxi Province, adjusting the energy consumption structure, promoting the transformation of government functions, adhering to the road of environmental protection and clean energy utilization, and perfecting the compensation mechanism of ecological environment.
【学位授予单位】：西安石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F426.2

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