1979-2012年北极海冰运动学特征初步分析

发布时间：2017-12-28 03:29

本文关键词：1979-2012年北极海冰运动学特征初步分析　出处：《海洋学报》2016年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：利用美国冰雪数据中心(NSIDC)发布的海冰速度和范围数据,本文分析了1979—2012年间北极海冰的运动学特征,以及北极海冰运动与分布范围演变之间的关系。结合欧洲中期天气预报中心(ECMWF)发布的2007和2012年高分辨率的气压场、风场数据,探讨了北极风场和气压场与海冰运动、辐散辐合和海冰面积的关系。结果表明,在1979-2012年间北极海冰平均运动速度呈显著增强的趋势,冬季海冰平均运动速度增加趋势明显强于夏季;北极、波弗特-楚科奇海域和弗拉姆海峡的冬、夏季海冰平均运动速度的增加率分别为2.1%/a和1.7%/a、2.0%/a和1.6%/a以及4.9%/a和2.2%/a。1979-2012年北极海冰平均运动速度和范围的相关性为-0.77,二者存在显著的负相关关系。北极冬季和夏季风场的长期变化趋势与海冰平均运动速度的变化趋势一致,冬季和夏季的相关系数分别为0.50和0.48。风场和气压场对海冰的运动、辐散及重新分布发挥着重要作用。2007年夏季,第234~273天波弗特海域一直被高压系统控制,波弗特涡旋加强,使得波弗特海域海冰聚集在北极中央区;顺时针的风场促使海冰向格陵兰岛和加拿大北极群岛以北聚合。2012年,白令海峡和楚科奇海域处于低压和高压系统的交界处,盛行偏北风,海冰从北极东部往西部输运,加拿大海盆的多年海冰因离岸运动而辐散,向楚科奇海域的海冰输运增加,受太平洋入流暖水影响,移入此区域的海冰加速融化,从而加剧海冰的减少。
[Abstract]:Based on the data of sea ice speed and range released by the US snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC), this paper analyzed the kinematic characteristics of Arctic sea ice from 1979 to 2012, and the relationship between the Arctic sea ice movement and the distribution range evolution. The relationship between the Arctic wind field and the pressure field and the sea ice movement, divergence convergence and sea ice area is discussed based on the high pressure data and wind field data released in 2007 and 2012 by the European middle term weather prediction center (ECMWF). The results show that showed a significant increasing trend in the average velocity of 1979-2012 between Arctic sea ice, the average velocity of winter sea ice increasing trend was stronger in summer; the Arctic Beaufort, Chukotka sea and the Flam Strait in summer and winter, the average sea ice velocity rate were 2.1%/a and 1.7%/a, 2.0%/a and 1.6%/a, 4.9%/a and 2.2%/a. The correlation between the average velocity and range of the Arctic sea ice in 1979-2012 years is -0.77, and there is a significant negative correlation between the two. The long-term trend of Arctic winter and summer wind fields is consistent with the trend of sea ice mean velocity. The correlation coefficients between winter and summer are 0.50 and 0.48, respectively. The wind and pressure fields play an important role in the movement, divergence and redistribution of sea ice. In the summer of 2007, the 234~273 wave, waters have been pressure control system, strengthen the Beaufort vortex, Beaufort Sea ice in the Arctic region gathered; clockwise wind to sea ice to Greenland and the Canadian Arctic archipelago north of polymerization. In 2012, the Bering Strait and Chukotka waters is at the junction of the low and high pressure systems, prevailing northerly winds, the sea ice from the Arctic to the East West transport, multi-year sea ice in the Canada Basin due to offshore movement and divergence to the Chukotka sea ice transport increased by the Pacific inflow of warm water, into the sea ice area accelerated melt, thus exacerbating the decline of sea ice.
【作者单位】：上海海洋大学海洋科学学院;上海海洋大学大洋渔业资源可持续利用省部共建教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)全球变化研究重大科学研究计划项目(2015CB953900) 国家自然科学委员会基金项目(41276197)
【分类号】：P731.15
【正文快照】： 室,上海201306)1引言位于地球最北端北极地区的北冰洋,是被欧亚大陆和北美大陆围绕的一个半封闭的海洋。北冰洋通过白令海峡与太平洋相连,通过弗拉姆海峡、巴伦支海和加拿大北极群岛之间的海峡和海湾与大西洋相连(图1)。北冰洋,终年有海冰覆盖,在全球物质、能量交换和气候变化

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