波浪与海流对沉积物再悬浮贡献的原位观测研究

发布时间：2018-01-02 13:26

本文关键词：波浪与海流对沉积物再悬浮贡献的原位观测研究　出处：《中国海洋大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：波浪与海流是海底沉积物再悬浮的两个主要动力因素，目前针对两者对再悬浮贡献大小的研究较少。本文在自然科学基金资助项目“黄河口侵蚀再悬浮物海床内部输供及控制因素研究（”资助号：41072215；时间：2013-2015）和中国地质调查局海洋地质调查工作项目“海陆相互作用和海岸带地质灾害研究”（资助号：GZH201100203；时间：2012-2015）的资助下，通过现场原位观测的方法，对胶州湾、营口白沙湾和黄河三角洲三个典型区域的波浪与海流对沉积物再悬浮贡献进行研究。其中胶州湾和白沙湾采用布放座底式三脚架原位观测系统的方法进行研究；黄河三角洲采用屏蔽波浪或海流，对比只有一种因素存在时与两因素同时存在时悬浮物浓度的方法进行研究；并且本文通过铺设塑料薄膜，收集膜下表层细粒土样的方法，研究了波浪“泵送”作用对黄河三角洲沉积物再悬浮的影响。本文得出的主要研究结论如下： 1.海流是胶州湾海底沉积物发生侵蚀再悬浮的主要动力因素，，在1级海况下，海底沉积物再悬浮几乎全部由海流所引起，此时海流对沉积物再悬浮贡献率接近100%；在2级海况下，波浪作用对海底沉积物再悬浮贡献率为21.9%-58.3%，海流对海底沉积物再悬浮贡献为41.7%-78.9%。 2.海流对营口白沙湾海域海底沉积物再悬浮影响较小，较大的波浪作用是该海域沉积物发生侵蚀再悬浮的主要动力因素。当波浪有效波高小于50cm时，海流作用对沉积物贡献为50%-100%，此时波浪作用对再悬浮贡献小于50%；当波浪有效波高大于50cm时，海流作用对沉积物再悬浮贡献则小于50%，波浪作用对再悬浮贡献大于50%。 3.黄河三角洲地区的再悬浮事件中，波浪作用对再悬浮贡献为14%-73%，海流作用对再悬浮贡献为27%-86%；在波致沉积物再悬浮过程中，波浪“泵送”作用对沉积物再悬浮贡献为11.5%-42.8%，波浪剪切作用对沉积物再悬浮贡献为57.2%-88.5%。 4.沉积物再悬浮后，需要较长时间才能完成沉降。因此，在现场通过屏蔽波浪的方式，进行海流对沉积物再悬浮贡献的研究方法不可行。
[Abstract]:Waves and currents are two main dynamic factors for resuspension of seabed sediments. At present, there is little research on the contribution of the two to the resuspension. This paper studies on the internal transport and control factors of erosion and resuspended sediment in the seabed of the Yellow River Estuary, a project funded by the Natural Science Foundation (. "Grant No.: 41072215; Time: 2013-2015) and Marine Geological Survey Project of China Geological Survey, "Marine and Land interaction and Coastal Geological hazards" (Grant No.: GZH201100203); With the aid of time: 2012-2015), through the method of in situ observation, Jiaozhou Bay was studied. The contribution of waves and currents to sediment resuspension in three typical areas of Yingkou Baisha Bay and Yellow River Delta is studied. The Yellow River Delta uses shielding waves or currents to compare the concentration of suspended matter when only one factor exists and two factors exist at the same time. The effect of wave "pumping" on sediment resuspension in the Yellow River Delta was studied by the method of collecting fine soil samples from the surface layer of the Yellow River Delta by laying plastic film. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1. Ocean current is the main dynamic factor of erosion and resuspension of bottom sediment in Jiaozhou Bay. Under the condition of Grade 1, the resuspension of seabed sediment is almost entirely caused by the current. The contribution rate of ocean current to sediment resuspension is close to 100. Under the condition of order 2, the contribution rate of wave action to the resuspension of seabed sediment is 21.9- 58.3, and the contribution of current to the resuspension of seabed sediment is 41.7-78.9. 2. The current has little effect on the resuspension of sediment in Baisha Bay, Yingkou, and the larger wave action is the main dynamic factor of sediment erosion and re-suspension. When the wave effective wave height is less than 50 cm. The contribution of current to sediment is 50 to 100, and the contribution of wave action to resuspension is less than 50. When the wave effective wave height is more than 50cm, the contribution of current to sediment resuspension is less than 50cm, and the contribution of wave action to resuspension is greater than 50cm. 3. In the resuspension events in the Yellow River Delta, the contribution of wave action to the re-suspension is 14-73and the current action to the resuspension is 27-86. In the process of wave-induced sediment resuspension, the contribution of wave "pumping" to sediment resuspension is 11.5- 42.8%. The contribution of wave shear to sediment resuspension is 57.2%-88.5%. 4.After the sediment is resuspended, it takes a long time to complete the settlement. Therefore, it is not feasible to study the contribution of the current to the sediment resuspension by shielding the waves in the field.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P714.6;P731.2

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