近10年珠海海岸带海岸线时空变化遥感分析

发布时间：2018-01-13 04:34

本文关键词：近10年珠海海岸带海岸线时空变化遥感分析　出处：《海洋科学》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为了更有效地研究珠海市海岸带海岸线的变化,基于2005年、2010年和2015年3期覆盖珠海市海岸带的高分辨率SPOT-5、GF-1和航空DOM遥感影像,建立了珠海海岸带岸线分类体系,并采用人机交互方式提取了3期12类海岸线信息。对海岸线长度及海岸蚀淤情况进行分析,结果表明:(1)2005~2015年珠海市海岸带海岸线总体长度从470.69 km增长到496.95 km,年平均增长2.38 km;(2)2005~2015年珠海市海岸带岸线中,人工岸线一直占较大比重,且10年间呈持续增长状态,总长度增长了40.21 km,而此期间的自然岸线却减少了13.95 km;(3)珠海市海岸带侵蚀面积为0.98 km~2,扩张面积为34.75 km~2。港口码头和建设岸线是扩张主因,养殖围堤岸线、砾石岸线、基岩岸线长度逐年递减并向内陆侵蚀;(4)珠海市高栏港区附近岸线变化最为剧烈,实地调查发现该地区港口从2008年开始建设并逐年向外扩张,至2015年扩张面积为27.65 km~2,平均扩张速率为3.4 km~2/a。通过以上分析,可以得出近10年珠海市海岸带海岸线变迁是海岸开发所引起的,港口码头建设是人类开发海岸的主要方式。
[Abstract]:In order to study the coastline variation of Zhuhai coastal zone more effectively, based on the high-resolution SPOT-5 covering the coastal zone of Zhuhai on 2005, 2010 and 2015. The classification system of coastal shoreline in Zhuhai was established by remote sensing images of GF-1 and DOM. Finally, 12 kinds of shoreline information were extracted by human-computer interaction, and the length of coastline and coastal erosion and deposition were analyzed. The results show that the total coastline length of the coastal zone of Zhuhai City increased from 470.69 km to 496.95 km from 2005 to 2015, with an average annual increase of 2.38 km. In the coastal zone of Zhuhai from 2005 to 2015, artificial shoreline occupied a large proportion, and the total length increased by 40.21 km during the past 10 years. However, the natural shoreline decreased by 13.95 km during this period. The erosion area of coastal zone in Zhuhai is 0.98 km / m ~ (2) and the area of expansion is 34.75 km / m ~ (2). Port wharf and construction shoreline are the main reasons for the expansion, the mariculture embankment shoreline and gravel shoreline are the main causes of the expansion. The length of bedrock shoreline decreases year by year and erodes inland; The coastal line near Gaolan Port District in Zhuhai City is the most dramatic. The field investigation found that the port in this area began to be built from 2008 and expanded outwards year by year. By 2015, the area of expansion was 27.65 km2, and the average rate of expansion was 3.4km2 / a. It can be concluded that the coastal shoreline changes in Zhuhai in recent 10 years are caused by the coastal development, and the port and wharf construction is the main way for human to develop the coast.
【作者单位】：国家海洋局第一海洋研究所;中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院;
【基金】：国家高分重大专项中央级公益性专项(2015T03)~~
【分类号】：P715.7;P748
【正文快照】： 青岛266580)人类不断开发海洋,海陆相互作用逐渐加强,海岸带的开发变得尤为活跃,岸线变迁也变得剧烈且复杂。海岸线变迁蕴含着非常丰富的信息,不仅反映出人类改造利用海岸的活动,同时影响着海岸的生态环境和沿岸居民的生活发展。因此,海岸线变迁的动态监测,可为沿海地区的社会

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