某石油污染滩涂沉积物中总石油烃和多环芳烃组成分布特征及源解析

发布时间：2018-02-23 05:33

本文关键词： 环境学滩涂沉积物总石油烃多环芳烃源解析　出处：《安全与环境学报》2016年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：对石油污染滩涂区域不同高程表层沉积物和部分垂直剖面沉积物进行采样分析,分别采用紫外分光光度法和气相色谱质谱联用法测定了沉积物中的TPH(总石油烃)和16种优控PAHs(多环芳烃),分析其组成分布特征,并进行了源解析。结果表明:中低潮滩表层沉积物中TPH质量比在15.20~63.27 mg/kg,与对照点质量比水平相当,远低于《海洋沉积物质量标准》(1 000 mg/kg),PAHs均未检出;高潮滩表层沉积物中TPH质量比在1 070.00~46 327.20 mg/kg,显著高于对照点和相应中低潮滩沉积物中污染物质量比,部分点位严重超出《海洋沉积物质量标准》,PAHs质量比在0.60~30.90 mg/kg,多数点位属于重度污染;3号点和7号点高潮滩垂直剖面样品中TPH和PAHs质量比呈现随深度增加而降低的趋势,9号点则相反;高潮滩沉积物中TPH和PAHs质量比之间呈显著正相关关系(Pearson相关系数r为0.985,p0.01),具有同源性;各点位TPH均以C17~C36质量分数最高,其占比为80.15%~94.40%,PAHs组成均以2~3环为主,占比为58.14%~87.70%,低环PAHs以萘、芴和菲为主要污染物。TPH和PAHs组分特征表明,研究区域的滩涂沉积物受到了重油污染影响。
[Abstract]:Sampling and analysis of different elevation surface sediments and some vertical profile sediments in the oil polluted tidal flat area are carried out. TPH (total petroleum hydrocarbons) and 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments were determined by UV spectrophotometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry respectively. The results showed that the mass ratio of TPH in the surface sediments was 15.20 ~ 63.27 mg / kg, which was similar to that of the control point, and was far lower than that of "Marine sediment quality Standard" (1 000 mg 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1)). The mass ratio of TPH in the surface sediments of the climax beach was 1 070.001 46 327.20 mg / kg, which was significantly higher than that in the control point and the corresponding medium and low tidal flat sediment, and the mass ratio of pollutants in the sediment was significantly higher than that in the control point. The mass ratio of TPH and PAHs in perpendicular sections of point 3 and 7 decreased with the increase of depth, and the mass ratio of PAHs was 0.60 ~ 30.90 mg / kg, most of which were seriously polluted. Potential, point 9 is opposite; There was a significant positive correlation between TPH and PAHs mass ratio in the sediments of climax beach. Pearson correlation coefficient r = 0.985g / p 0.01g / r = 0.985g / p 0.01g / r = 0.985p / 0.01a, and the highest TPH content was C17 / C36, with a ratio of 80.150.150.404.400.PAHs were mainly composed of 2o 3 ring (58.14m / 87.70), and the low cyclic PAHs was naphthalene. The characteristics of fluorene and phenanthrene as the main pollutants. TPH and PAHs components showed that the tidal flat sediments in the study area were affected by heavy oil pollution.
【作者单位】：华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院;上海市环境科学研究院;
【基金】：上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目(STCSM-13231203600) 环科创新项目(CX201205)
【分类号】：X55

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