茅尾海海水环境质量响应人为活动变化的研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 20:37

本文选题：茅尾海　切入点：海水水质　出处：《广西师范学院》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着人类对海洋的开发利用与研究的深入,人为活动对海水环境的影响研究,越来越受到广泛关注,成为可持续发展研究中的热点话题,也是海洋环境科学的重要研究命题之一。国家大力推进实施的海洋战略带来了新一轮的对近岸海域、海陆过渡带开发建设的热潮。同时,人为活动的显著增强,为近海环境埋下了隐患,生态环境压力增大,近海环境遭到污染,无一不显示了近海环境质量存在恶化的趋势。故此,展开海水环境质量变化与人为活动的响应研究,进行二者的相关性评价,加强对近海环境的修复和保护,对可持续发展显得非常重要。同时也对沿海地区的资源合理利用和社会经济的可持续发展有着重要的指导意义和参考价值。本研究基于茅尾海及其周边海域的自然环境条件,选取2002年~2012年海洋监测数据,选取多指标对该海域内的水环境质量进行分析,同时对近年不同方面的人为活动污染变化趋势进行分析,再通过主成分分析筛选,选择最具有代表性的人为活动因子与水环境质量因子进行多元线性回归分析,得出人为活动与海水环境质量的多元线性回归方程,同时将茅尾海与周边钦州湾海域的分析结果进行对比。由此得出,人为活动是茅尾海及其周边海域海水环境质量发生变化的重要原因,且人为活动活跃度呈现逐年上升的趋势。影响海水环境质量的因素主要包括人为活动直接导致的排污量增加和社会经济发展与人口增加的间接影响两方面,其中农业生产活动与港口船舶污染等方面影响最大,内湾茅尾海水质主要受海水养殖、河流排污的影响,其周边钦州湾沿岸海域则主要受港口排污、经济发展方面的影响。在茅尾海海域,若其他条件不变,每增加一吨河流入海污染物排放,溶解氧值下降0.029;海水养殖污染物每增加一吨排放,化学需氧量COD上升0.2;每增加一万人地区人口,pH值指数下降0.14;每增加一万吨船舶污水入海量,无机氮值则会上升0.025;每增加一吨海水养殖污染物的排放量,海水综合指数就会上升1.044,每增加一吨入海河流携带的污染物,海水综合指数则上升0.107。在钦州湾沿岸海域,若其他条件不变时,每增加一万吨船舶废水排放,溶解氧值减少0.28;地区总人口每增加一万人,化学需氧量COD增加0.007,pH值指数下降0.44;每增加一吨入海河流携带污染物入海量,无机氮值上升0.009。每增加一万人地区人口,钦州湾海水综合指数上升0.039,每排放一万吨船舶废水污染物入海,海水综合指数上升0.015。最后,针对研究分析结果与茅尾海及其周边海域海水水质现状提出其存在的问题、隐患,以及预防、控制该海域海水环境污染的发展对策建议。
[Abstract]:With the development, utilization and research of the ocean, more and more attention has been paid to the impact of human activities on the marine environment, which has become a hot topic in the study of sustainable development. It is also one of the important research propositions in marine environmental science. The ocean strategy that the state has vigorously promoted has brought about a new upsurge in the development and construction of coastal waters and transitional zones. At the same time, man-made activities have increased significantly. The hidden danger is buried for the offshore environment, the ecological environment pressure is increased, and the offshore environment is polluted, all of them show the tendency of the deterioration of the offshore environment quality. Therefore, the research on the response of the seawater environment quality change and the human activities is carried out. To evaluate the correlation between the two and to strengthen the restoration and protection of the offshore environment, It is very important for sustainable development, and also has important guiding significance and reference value for the rational utilization of resources and the sustainable development of social economy in coastal areas. This study is based on the natural environment conditions of Maowei Sea and its surrounding sea areas. The marine monitoring data from 2002 to 2012 were selected to analyze the quality of water environment in the sea area, and the trend of anthropogenic pollution in different aspects in recent years was analyzed, and then the principal component analysis was used to screen the water environment quality. The multivariate linear regression analysis between the most representative factors of human activity and water environmental quality was carried out, and the multivariate linear regression equation of artificial activity and seawater environmental quality was obtained. At the same time, the analysis results of Maowei Sea and surrounding Qinzhou Bay are compared. From this, it is concluded that human activities are an important reason for the change of marine environment quality in Maowei Sea and its surrounding waters. And the activity of human activities is increasing year by year. The factors that affect the quality of seawater environment mainly include the increase of sewage discharge caused directly by human activities and the indirect effects of social and economic development and population increase. Among them, agricultural production activities and port ship pollution have the greatest impact. The water quality of Maowei Sea in Inner Bay is mainly affected by mariculture and river sewage, while the surrounding coastal waters of Qinzhou Bay are mainly polluted by ports. Impact on economic development. In the Maowei Sea area, for every additional ton of pollutants discharged into the sea by a ton of rivers, the dissolved oxygen value decreases by 0.029; for each additional ton of pollutants discharged from mariculture, Chemical oxygen demand (COD) increased by 0.2; for every additional population of 10,000 people, the pH value index decreased by 0.14; for every 10,000 tons of ship sewage, the inorganic nitrogen value increased by 0.025; and for each additional ton of marine aquaculture pollutants, The sea water composite index will rise by 1.044. For every ton of pollutants carried by rivers entering the sea, the sea water composite index will rise by 0.107. In the coastal waters of Qinzhou Bay, every 10,000 tons of ships' waste water will be discharged if other conditions remain unchanged. The dissolved oxygen value decreased by 0.28; for each increase in the total population of the region by 10,000 people, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) increased by 0.007 and the pH value index decreased by 0.44; for each additional ton of rivers entering the sea, the inorganic nitrogen value increased by 0.009 per ton, and the inorganic nitrogen value increased by 0.009.Every time the population of the region increased by 10,000 people, The comprehensive index of seawater in Qinzhou Bay increases by 0.039, and the comprehensive index of sea water increases by 0.015 for every 10,000 tons of ship wastewater pollutants discharged into the sea. Finally, according to the results of the study and the present situation of seawater quality in Maowei Sea and its surrounding sea area, the existing problems and hidden dangers are put forward. And the countermeasures to prevent and control the pollution of sea water environment in the sea area.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X55

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