反渗透海水淡化膜系统优化设计与优化调度的研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 00:32

  本文选题：反渗透　切入点：海水淡化　出处：《杭州电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：海水淡化技术是解决日益严峻的淡水资源短缺的重要途径。反渗透海水淡化技术作为新型的海水淡化技术，自问世以来，发展十分迅速，采用反渗透技术的淡化工程逐年增加。该技术存在的问题是制水成本偏高，相关学者就此问题做了深入研究，研究表明，对反渗透海水淡化膜系统的优化设计能够有效降低制水能耗。反渗透淡化系统是一个典型的流程工业系统，对其运行状态进行优化调度，可降低其运行费用。本文拟在上述两个方向进行深入研究，旨在寻找最优的膜系统流程设计和淡化系统运行状态，以实现制水成本最低。研究内容主要包括以下几个方面： 针对反渗透海水淡化膜系统的优化设计，本文对膜系统传统寻优方法进行转换，得出以制水能耗最低为优化目标的数学模型。首先，根据反渗透海水淡化膜系统的流程特点，建立过程单元的数学模型，通过模型模拟反渗透过程；其次，将设备的投资费用、系统运行时的能耗费用作为决策变量，建立反渗透海水淡化的经济模型；最后，在流程模型和经济模型的基础上，针对一级一段工艺和一级两段工艺分别建立优化设计模型，确立最优目标函数、约束关系、以及优化变量；采用GAMS软件对优化设计模型进行最优化求解，确定反渗透海水淡化膜系统的最优流程设计，并得出年能耗费用、吨水能耗费用等主要经济指标。对改变进水水质条件的膜系统设计进行了研究，得出了不同条件下的膜系统最优设计方案。对工程实例进行优化设计，得出的吨水能耗费用低于工程的实际值，表明该优化设计方案是有效的。 针对反渗透海水淡化系统的优化运行与调度，本文将电力调度领域应用较为广泛的分支定界法应用于优化调度模型的求解。首先，在分析不同预测方法的基础上，结合六横岛的历史用水量数据特点，采用自回归移动平均预测方法，对未来调度时间段的用水量进行预测；其次，在获得预测用水量的基础上，根据淡化系统的工艺特点和运行状态，将产水池供水计划和淡化机组启停计划作为决策变量，建立以运行费用最小化为目标函数的调度模型；最后，分支定界法对调度模型进行了最优化求解。通过调度实例分析，该优化调度方案可有效降低系统的运行费用。 在上述研究工作的基础上，结合淡化系统的工艺特点，在.Net平台下采用C#语言设计开发了反渗透海水淡化优化调度系统。对系统软件的实现进行了需求与可行性分析，介绍了系统软件的总体设计框架，主要分析和说明了各功能模块的实现方法，并对系统软件的测试方法和流程进行了阐述。系统运行结果表明，，该调度系统能根据历史数据预测未来用水量，执行优化调度，生成合理的产水计划和供水计划。
[Abstract]:Seawater desalination technology is an important way to solve the increasingly severe shortage of fresh water resources. As a new type of desalination technology, reverse osmosis seawater desalination technology has developed very rapidly since it came into being. The desalination project using reverse osmosis technology is increasing year by year. The problem of this technology is that the water production cost is on the high side. The optimal design of reverse osmosis seawater desalination membrane system can effectively reduce the energy consumption of water production. Reverse osmosis desalination system is a typical process industry system. The purpose of this paper is to find out the optimal process design of membrane system and desalination system running state in order to achieve the lowest water production cost. The research contents mainly include the following aspects:. Aiming at the optimal design of reverse osmosis seawater desalination membrane system, the traditional optimization method of membrane system is transformed, and the mathematical model with the lowest energy consumption for water preparation is obtained. Firstly, according to the process characteristics of reverse osmosis seawater desalination membrane system, The mathematical model of the process unit is established and the reverse osmosis process is simulated by the model. Secondly, the investment cost of the equipment and the energy consumption cost during the operation of the system are taken as the decision variables to establish the economic model of reverse osmosis seawater desalination. Based on the process model and the economic model, the optimization design model is established for the first stage process and the first stage process respectively, the optimal objective function, the constraint relation and the optimization variable are established. The optimal design process of reverse osmosis seawater desalination membrane system is determined by using GAMS software to solve the optimal design model, and the annual energy consumption cost is obtained. This paper studies the design of membrane system under different conditions, and obtains the optimal design scheme of membrane system under different conditions. The energy consumption cost of tons of water is lower than the actual value of the project, which shows that the optimized design scheme is effective. Aiming at the optimal operation and dispatching of reverse osmosis seawater desalination system, this paper applies the branch and bound method, which is widely used in power dispatching field, to solve the optimal dispatching model. Firstly, based on the analysis of different prediction methods, According to the characteristics of the historical water consumption data in Liuheng Island, the method of autoregressive moving average prediction is used to predict the water consumption in the future dispatching period. Secondly, on the basis of obtaining the predicted water consumption, According to the process characteristics and operation state of the desalination system, the water supply plan of the production pool and the start and stop plan of the desalination unit are taken as the decision variables, and the scheduling model with the objective function of minimizing the running cost is established. The branch and bound method is used to solve the optimal scheduling model. Through the analysis of scheduling examples, the optimal scheduling scheme can effectively reduce the running cost of the system. On the basis of the above research work, combined with the process characteristics of desalination system, the optimal dispatching system of reverse osmosis seawater desalination is designed and developed on the platform of .net with C # language. The requirement and feasibility of the system software realization are analyzed. This paper introduces the overall design framework of the system software, mainly analyzes and explains the realization methods of each functional module, and expounds the testing method and flow chart of the system software. The system can predict the future water consumption according to the historical data, carry out optimal scheduling, and generate reasonable water production plan and water supply plan.
【学位授予单位】：杭州电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P747

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