水平轴潮流能发电机尾流效应的实验研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 22:05

本文选题：水平轴潮流能发电机　切入点：尾流效应　出处：《浙江大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：潮流能是一种具有巨大潜力的可再生海洋资源,潮流能发电技术已逐步从工程样机进入商业化应用阶段。水平轴潮流能发电机是潮流能发电装置的一种重要形式。在其运行过程中,通过发电机转子后的水流流速和流向都发生变化,这种对初始来流流速的影响称为尾流效应。尾流效应影响下游发电机转子的入流速度,从而影响发电机输出功率的大小,因此尾流效应的研究是水平轴潮流能发电机优化布局的一个重要基础,具有很大的理论和实际意义。本文介绍了水平轴潮流能发电机的相关概念和理论基础知识,在此基础上针对影响水平轴潮流能发电机尾流效应的不同因素,设计了研究水平轴潮流能发电机尾流效应的实验方案,并进行了水槽实验。实验中通过改变影响尾流效应的因素(初始流速、推力系数、湍流强度、安装高度和地形等),测量在沿水流方向和垂直水流方向的尾流流速,对尾流效应进行平面二维研究和分析。实验结果表明：沿水流方向,初始流速越大,下游尾流流速的收敛值越大；推力系数对尾流的影响集中在5d(d为发电机转子直径)范围内,在15d以后不同推力系数的尾流速度都趋于稳定,而且收敛值与推力系数无关；湍流强度越大,尾流的恢复能力越大；随着安装高度的增加尾流恢复值变大；转子中心地势越高尾流恢复越快。垂直水流方向,初始流速越大,尾流效应范围越大；推力系数对尾流效应的影响集中在4d范围内；湍流强度与地形对尾流作用不明显；不同安装高度条件下,尾流流速沿横向变化与其他因素下的速度变化不同,其影响范围集中在圆盘中心外1d到4d之间。本文实验结果中关于水平轴潮流能发电机尾流效应的水动力特性规律,为水平轴潮流能发电机的布局提供了参考；采用实验的方法实现对水平轴潮流能发电机尾流效应进行多个影响因素的二维研究,为进一步的研究奠定一定的基础。
[Abstract]:Tidal energy is a renewable marine resource with great potential, Power flow power generation technology has gradually moved from engineering prototype to commercial application stage. Horizontal axis power flow generator is an important form of power flow generator. Both the flow velocity and the flow direction change behind the generator rotor. This effect on the initial inflow velocity is called wake effect, and the wake effect affects the inlet velocity of the downstream generator rotor, thus affecting the output power of the generator. Therefore, the study of wake effect is an important basis for the optimal layout of horizontal axis power flow generators, which is of great theoretical and practical significance. In this paper, the concept and theoretical basis of horizontal axis power flow generator are introduced. On this basis, different factors affecting the wake effect of horizontal axis power flow generator are discussed. An experimental scheme is designed to study the wake effect of horizontal axis power flow generator, and a flume experiment is carried out. In the experiment, the influence factors (initial velocity, thrust coefficient, turbulence intensity) on wake effect are changed. The wake velocity along the flow direction and the vertical flow direction is measured and the wake effect is studied and analyzed in plane. The experimental results show that:. Along the direction of the flow, the larger the initial velocity, the greater the convergence value of the downstream wake velocity, and the influence of thrust coefficient on the wake flow is concentrated in the range of 5d(d as the rotor diameter of the generator. After 15 days, the wake velocity of different thrust coefficients tends to be stable. The convergence value is independent of the thrust coefficient; the greater the turbulence intensity, the greater the wake recovery ability; with the increase of the installation height, the wake recovery value becomes larger; the higher the rotor center terrain, the faster the wake recovery. In the vertical flow direction, the larger the initial velocity is, the larger the wake effect range is; the effect of thrust coefficient on wake effect is concentrated in the range of 4 days; the turbulence intensity and topography have no obvious effect on wake; The variation of wake velocity along the transverse direction is different from that of other factors, and the influence range is between 1 d and 4 d outside the center of the disk. In the experimental results, the hydrodynamic characteristics of the wake effect of the horizontal axis power flow generator are discussed, which provides a reference for the layout of the horizontal axis power flow generator. The experimental method is used to study the wake effect of horizontal axis power flow generator in two dimensions, which lays a foundation for further research.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P743.3;TM612

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