盐差能的提取与应用的研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 10:41

本文选题：盐差能　切入点：反电渗析　出处：《温州大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着石油能源的消耗,当今世界能源的含量越来越少。探索清洁、可再生能源来满足人类社会对能源的需求对人类文明的生存和可持续发展具有重要意义。储藏在海水与淡水之间的盐差能是一个蕴藏量非常大的可再生能源,它可以提取和转化为电能,但是有效地提取它作为一种有用的能量形式,对于目前的技术来说仍然是一种挑战。随着膜科学技术的发展,基于膜技术的盐差能的提取如反电渗析法,在近年来也得到了巨大的发展,但是还没商业化,所以我们应该继续优化完善反电渗析盐差发电技术,并探索盐差能在其他方面的应用。为深入研究盐差能的提取和应用奠定了基础。本文主要从盐差能的提取以及其应用方面展开研究,主要工作如下:(1)反电渗析法盐差发电的研究。我们首先用0.9mm隔板和DF-120离子交换膜组装了一个10重复单元的反电渗析膜堆,得到的最大功率密度为0.695W/m~2。为优化反电渗析系统的性能,又用0.5mm隔板、DF-120膜和天维新膜组装了两个相同单元数的反电渗析膜堆。实验结果表明:0.5mm隔板和DF-120膜组装的反电渗析膜堆得到的最大功率密度为1.20W/m~2,而0.5mm隔板和天维新膜组装的反电渗析膜堆得到的最大功率密度为0.60W/m~2。通过对三个反电渗析膜堆的对比与分析得知:减小隔板厚度,有利于提高反电渗析的输出功率密度;而不同离子交换对反电渗析的影响则主要在于膜本身的特性。(2)盐差能的应用研究。通过对单独的反电渗析和电渗析实验结果的研究与分析,设计了一个能量自给的RED-ED自脱盐装置。并在最优条件下进行实验测试。结果表明:在最佳流速下,有电极的RED-ED系统生产出来的淡水NaCl含量都低于500mg/L,实现了自脱盐目的,并且生产的淡水含盐量也达到了饮用水的标准。无电极的RED-ED系统生产出来的淡水NaCl含量为507mg/L,虽然也实现了自脱盐目的,但是脱盐效果比有电极RED-ED系统略差,且生产的淡水没有达到饮用水的标准。
[Abstract]:With the consumption of petroleum energy, the content of energy in the world is becoming less and less.It is of great significance for the survival and sustainable development of human civilization to explore clean and renewable energy to meet the energy needs of human society.The salt difference energy stored between seawater and fresh water is a renewable energy source with very large potential. It can be extracted and converted into electric energy, but it is effectively extracted as a useful form of energy.It is still a challenge for current technology.With the development of membrane science and technology, the extraction of salt difference energy based on membrane technology, such as reverse electrodialysis, has been greatly developed in recent years, but it has not been commercialized, so we should continue to optimize and improve reverse electrodialysis salt differential power generation technology.And explore the application of salt difference energy in other aspects.It lays a foundation for further study on extraction and application of salt difference energy.In this paper, the extraction of salt differential energy and its application are studied. The main work is as follows: 1) Research on salt differential power generation by reverse electrodialysis.A reverse electrodialysis membrane stack with 10 repetition units was constructed by using 0.9mm separator and DF-120 ion exchange membrane, and the maximum power density was 0.695W / mm2.In order to optimize the performance of the reverse electrodialysis system, two reverse electrodialysis stacks with the same number of units were assembled by using the 0.5mm separator DF-120 membrane and the days retainer membrane.Through the comparison and analysis of three reverse electrodialysis membrane reactors, it is found that reducing the thickness of the diaphragm is beneficial to increase the output power density of the reverse electrodialysis;The effect of different ion exchange on reverse electrodialysis mainly lies in the application of salt differential energy.Based on the research and analysis of the experimental results of reverse electrodialysis and electrodialysis, a self-supporting RED-ED desalting device is designed.The experiment was carried out under the optimal conditions.The results show that the NaCl content of fresh water produced by the electrode RED-ED system is less than 500 mg / L at the optimum flow rate, which realizes the self-desalination purpose, and the salt content of the fresh water produced is up to the standard of drinking water.The NaCl content of fresh water produced by the electrode free RED-ED system is 507mg / L, although the self-desalination is achieved, the desalting effect is a little worse than that of the RED-ED system with electrodes, and the fresh water produced does not meet the drinking water standard.
【学位授予单位】：温州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P743

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