黑潮延伸体区域海表温度锋的季节变化对北太平洋风暴轴的影响

发布时间：2018-05-11 07:18

本文选题：黑潮延伸体 + 海表温度锋　；参考：《气象》2017年04期

【摘要】：利用NOAA最优插值逐日海表温度(SST)资料和NCEP/NCAR的逐日大气再分析资料,本文分析了黑潮延伸体区域海表温度锋的变化对北太平洋风暴轴的影响。结果表明,黑潮延伸体区域海表温度锋位置的季节变化很弱,而其强度的变化则非常显著,北太平洋风暴轴强度与海表温度锋强度具有一致的协同变化。冬季黑潮延伸体区域海表温度锋强度最强,增强了其上空大气的斜压性,从平均有效位能向涡动有效位能的斜压能量转换以及从涡动有效位能向涡动动能的斜压能量转换均在黑潮延伸体区域显著增加,斜压涡旋在此区域生成更加频繁,在随西风向下游运动过程中不断从背景平均流中获得能量,从而导致北太平洋风暴轴增强,且将其中心轴线固定在黑潮延伸体区域上空,而夏季黑潮延伸体区域海表温度锋强度非常弱,其上空大气斜压性减弱,从平均有效位能向涡动有效位能的斜压能量转换以及从涡动有效位能向涡动动能的斜压能量转换均显著减少,斜压涡旋在此区域生成减少,导致北太平洋风暴轴减弱,且中心移至太平洋中部,位置偏北。
[Abstract]:Based on the NOAA data and the daily atmospheric reanalysis data of NCEP/NCAR, the influence of sea surface temperature front in the Kuroshio extension region on the storm track in the North Pacific Ocean is analyzed in this paper. The results show that the seasonal variation of the sea surface temperature front in the Kuroshio extension region is very weak, but the variation of its intensity is very significant. The intensity of the storm track in the North Pacific Ocean is in accordance with the intensity of the sea surface temperature front. In winter, the intensity of sea surface temperature front in Kuroshio extensional area is the strongest, which enhances the baroclinic property of the atmosphere above Kuroshio. The baroclinic energy conversion from the mean effective potential energy to the vortex effective potential energy and the baroclinic energy conversion from the vortex effective potential energy to the vortex kinetic energy increase significantly in the Kuroshio extension region, and the baroclinic vortices are generated more frequently in this region. As the westerly wind moves downstream, energy is continuously obtained from the background mean flow, which leads to the enhancement of the North Pacific storm track and anchors its central axis over the Kuroshio extension region. However, in summer, the intensity of sea surface temperature front in the Kuroshio extension area is very weak, and the atmospheric baroclinic over the Kuroshio extension area is weakened. The baroclinic energy conversion from the mean effective potential energy to the vortex effective potential energy and the baroclinic energy conversion from the vortex effective potential energy to the vortex kinetic energy are all significantly reduced, and the baroclinic vortices in this region are reduced, resulting in the weakening of the storm track in the North Pacific Ocean. And the center moves to the middle of the Pacific Ocean, the position is northward.
【作者单位】：中国人民解放军理工大学气象海洋学院;中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点室验室(LASG);
【基金】：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2013CB956203) 国家自然科学基金项目(41490642和41475070)共同资助
【分类号】：P732.6

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