浙江省海湾岸线时空动态变化分析

发布时间：2018-05-14 00:35

本文选题：海湾岸线 + 时空变化　；参考：《浙江师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：海岸带处于海陆交接处,是陆地系统与海洋系统的过渡地带,海岸线标识了海陆相互作用程度。自然状态下,海岸线处于自然变迁的状态。但是由于沿海地区也是现代人类社会和经济活动密集区域,人地矛盾突出,海岸带受到人类活动的影响逐渐加大,人为干预岸线形态演化的活动越来越多。海岸线的形态演变反映了人类对海岸带自然环境的影响程度。同时,岸线分形维数作为衡量岸线形态的标志,已经成功运用到岸线演化的研究中。因此开展浙江省海岸线形态演变与人类活动干扰关系之间的研究,对于完善海岸带景观格局评价指标具有重要意义。本文以浙江省东部海岸带为研究区域,将研究区域自北向南划分为象山湾岸段、三门湾岸段、台州湾岸段以及乐清湾岸段四个研究岸段,以RS和GIS手段为技术支撑,研究了浙江省海岸线形态与人类活动之间的关系。针对研究区域提取了1991-2014年海湾岸线信息,研究了岸线形态的时空变化、岸线分形维数的时空变化以及围垦方式对岸线形态变化的影响。结果表明：(1)浙江省东部海岸线长度处于减少的趋势。研究区域内从1991-2014年海岸线总长度减少39.6km。研究区域的四个岸段乐清湾岸段岸线减少42km,三门湾岸段岸线减少3.5km,台州湾岸段岸线增加9.5km,象山湾岸段岸线减少3.6km。1991-2014年间,研究区域整体岸线的变化强度为-0.15%,其中乐清湾岸段岸线变化强度为-0.87%,三门湾岸段岸线变化强度为0.05%,台州湾岸段岸线变化强度为0.23%,象山湾岸段岸线变化强度为-0.06%。岸线长度变化强度从大到小排序为乐清湾岸段台州湾岸段象山湾岸段三门湾岸段。各岸段海岸线曲折度不断下降,以台州湾岸段和三门湾岸段下降趋势最为明显,人工岸线长度不断增长导致自然岸线保持率逐渐下降,海岸线趋于平直。(2)从分形维数上看,乐清湾岸段三门湾岸段台州湾岸段象山湾岸段。1991-2014年间,乐清湾岸段的分形维数从1.0917下降到1.0702,分形维数的变化趋势与岸线变化一致。台州湾岸段分形维数从1.0474增大到1.0756。三门湾岸段的岸线的分形维数由1.0773降到1.0688,但岸线却增长了0.05%。象山湾岸段的分形维数呈先增后减的变化趋势,与其岸线变化趋势保持一致。(3)从围垦方式与岸线变化关系分析,可将浙江省沿海围垦类型分为萎缩型、增长型以及稳定型。萎缩型围垦导致岸线裁弯取直,岸线长度下降,岸线分形维数不断降低；稳定型围垦是在原本人工岸线基础上进行围垦,岸线长度增减幅度不大,岸线分形维数变化不大；增长型围垦导致海岸线向海洋延伸,岸线长度增长,分形维数变大。
[Abstract]:The coastal zone is a transitional zone between land system and ocean system at the junction of land and land, and the coastline indicates the degree of interaction between land and sea. In a natural state, the coastline is in a state of natural change. But because the coastal area is also the modern human society and economic activity intensive area, the contradiction between man and land is prominent, the coastal zone is gradually increased by the influence of human activities, and there are more and more human activities to interfere with the evolution of shoreline morphology. The evolution of the coastline reflects the degree of human influence on the natural environment of the coastal zone. At the same time, the fractal dimension of shoreline has been successfully applied to the study of the evolution of shoreline as a symbol of the shape of shoreline. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the relationship between shoreline morphology evolution and disturbance of human activities in Zhejiang Province to improve the evaluation index of coastal landscape pattern. Taking the eastern coastal zone of Zhejiang Province as the study area, the study area is divided from north to south into four study shorelines, including Xiangshan Bay, Sanmen Bay, Taizhou Bay and Yueqing Bay, with RS and GIS as technical support. The relationship between shoreline morphology and human activities in Zhejiang Province was studied. The information of Gulf coastline from 1991 to 2014 was extracted, and the temporal and spatial changes of shoreline morphology, the spatial and temporal changes of shoreline fractal dimension and the influence of reclamation methods on shoreline morphology were studied. The results show that the length of east coast line of Zhejiang Province is decreasing. The total length of coastline in the study area decreased by 39.6 km2 from 1991-2014. The four coastal segments of the study area, Yueqing Bay and Sanmen Bay, are reduced by 42 km, 3.5 km, 9.5 km and 9.5 km respectively, and the coastline of Xiangshan Bay decreases during the period of 3.6km.1991-2014. The variation intensity of the whole shoreline in the study area is -0.15, in which the variation intensity of the shoreline of Yueqing Bay is -0.87, that of Sanmen Bay is 0.05, that of Taizhou Bay is 0.23, and that of Xiangshan Bay is -0.06. The variation intensity of shoreline length from big to small is divided into Taizhou Bay and Xiangshan Bay and Sanmen Bay. The coastline zigzag degree of each shore segment is decreasing continuously, especially in Taizhou Bay and Sanmen Bay. The increasing length of artificial shoreline leads to the gradual decrease of natural shoreline retention rate, and the coastline tends to be flat. (2) from the fractal dimension point of view, From 1991 to 2014, the fractal dimension of Taizhou Bay and Xiangshan Bay decreased from 1.0917 to 1.0702, and the change trend of fractal dimension was consistent with the change of shoreline. The fractal dimension of Taizhou Bay coast increased from 1.0474 to 1.0756. The fractal dimension of the shoreline in Sanmen Bay has been reduced from 1.0773 to 1.0688, but the coastline has increased by 0.05. The fractal dimension of Xiangshan Bay has a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, which is consistent with the trend of shoreline change.) based on the analysis of the relationship between reclamation mode and shoreline change, the coastal reclamation types in Zhejiang Province can be divided into three types: shrinking type, increasing type and stable type. As a result of shrinking reclamation, the length of shoreline decreases, the fractal dimension of shoreline decreases, and the stable reclamation is reclaimed on the basis of original artificial shoreline, but the length of coastline is not much increased or decreased, but the fractal dimension of shoreline is not changed. The growing reclamation results in the coastline extending to the ocean, the length of the coastline increasing, and the fractal dimension becoming larger.
【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P737.1

【相似文献】