南黄海辐射沙洲内缘区演变驱动机制及围垦布局研究

发布时间：2018-05-18 06:44

本文选题：辐射沙洲内缘区 + 地貌演变　；参考：《南京师范大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：辐射沙洲内缘区是潮波系统的汇合区,潮滩持续淤长提供了巨大海岸空间资源利用潜力,潮沟频繁摆动使得滩槽变化剧烈,演变驱动机制研究可为内缘区复杂动力环境下的潮滩围垦开发提供技术支撑。本论文通过收集整理并系统分析辐射沙洲海域水文、地形、遥感等调查研究资料,构建了辐射沙洲地理数据库,结合前人研究成果,进一步梳理分析了辐射沙洲宏观演变背景与动力格局,采用遥感、GIS技术和数值模拟技术等多种研究方法和手段进行内缘区演变驱动机制的研究,在此基础上,根据内缘区潮流数学模型,研究并提出了辐射沙洲内缘区的围垦布局原则和方案。 (1)根据1973年～2013年的遥感影像和实测地形数据,采用GIS技术从多角度系统分析了“水道-沙洲系统”宏观演变特征和近期动态。“水道-沙洲系统”格局演变特征表现在以下几个方面：“水道-沙洲系统”组合形态基本稳定；潮滩规模相对稳定,总体态势外冲内淤；靠岸潮汐通道的岸向迁移；南北两翼在形态及演变动态上存在空间分异。 (2)辐射沙洲内缘区“沙洲-水道复合系统”演变特征总体表现为：内缘区稳定淤长、滩槽多变；内缘区南北向潮汐通道的稳定存在,主槽迁移转换；内缘区近期水道组合态势表现为高泥淤长、豆腐渣腰门水道北移、西大港和东大港的南北串通。 (3)1970年以来,辐射沙洲内缘区的演变过程可划分为四个阶段：1970s陈家坞时期(完整沙洲期)、1980s动力相对平衡时期、1990s西大港时期、2000年以后东大港时期。 (4)对内缘区演变机制的认识：内缘区是两大潮波系统的汇合区域,潮波辐合区域呈动荡性特征；辐射沙洲内缘区南北两侧水体通道的稳定存在；内缘区东部高泥持续扩张使得陈家坞槽尾部南北向通道逐渐萎缩淤死,西大港和东大港潮沟系统的演变实质内缘区南北向通道主槽西移过程中的适应性发展；在外部环境稳定背景下,内缘区将总体表现为南北向主槽通道相对稳定和分支潮沟系统的动态多变。 (5)辐射沙洲内缘区是规模最大的低潮出露沙洲区,但由于其位于两大潮波辐合区,潮汐水道在此处汇合贯通,使得其水动力环境复杂,滩槽冲淤多变。潮滩围垦布局需与潮流动力场相适应,维持现有潮汐动力格局的稳定性。内缘区围垦布局的基本原则：①保持南北水道的贯通。②保留水道“裂点区”。③西大港摆动退让。 (6)依据研究提出的内缘区围垦原则,论文提出大、小两类8种围垦布局总体方案。根据不同围垦布局方案的潮流动力和通量变化响应分析,论文推荐小规模区块式围垦布局方案。由于北尖子围区和高泥北围区滩面较为稳定、汇水潮沟系统发育不显著,是优先推荐的围垦区域。高泥南围区所在滩面是东大港与南侧水体的汇水区,滩面潮沟系统发育明显,围垦条件较为复杂,在区域围垦需求不显著时,建议限制开发。论文创新性体现在：①基于辐射沙洲海域的地貌形态特征和动力特征,提出了基于控制性动力的辐射沙洲“水道-沙洲系统”动力地貌系统的分区方案；②提出了辐射沙洲内缘区的年代际演变阶段特征,揭示了内缘区潮流动力环境变化过程及机制；③提出了内缘区潮滩围垦布局基本原则,在此基础上确定了沙洲内缘区的小规模区块式围垦布局方案。
[Abstract]:The inner border area of the radiation sandbar is the confluence area of the tidal wave system. The continuous silting of the tidal flat provides the potential of the huge coastal space resources, which makes the tidal flutches change violently. The research on the evolution drive mechanism can provide technical support for the tidal flat reclamation and development under the complex dynamic environment of the inner border area. The research data of hydrology, topography and remote sensing in the sea area of the radiant sandbar sea have been studied, and the geographical database of the radiation sandbar is constructed. The background and dynamic pattern of the macro evolution of the radiation sandbar are analyzed and analyzed in combination with the previous research results. The research methods and means of remote sensing, GIS and numerical simulation are used to carry out the driving mechanism of the evolution of the inner edge region. Based on the study, based on the mathematical model of the inner area tidal current, the layout principles and schemes of the reclamation area in the inner area of the radial sand bar are studied and put forward.
(1) according to the remote sensing images and the measured terrain data from 1973 to 2013, the macro evolution characteristics and recent dynamics of the "waterway sandbank system" are analyzed by GIS technology. The characteristics of the evolution of the pattern of "waterway sandbank system" are shown in the following aspects: the combination form of "waterway sandbank system" is basically stable; the tidal flat rules are basically stable. The model is relatively stable, and the overall situation is washed away by internal deposition; the shore migration of the tidal channel along the shore; there are spatial differences in the morphology and evolution of the two wings.
(2) the characteristics of the evolution of the "sand continent waterway complex system" in the inner border area of the radiation sandbar are as follows: the inner border area is stable and long, the beach trough is changeable, the North-South tidal channel in the inner border area is stable, the main channel is transferred and converted, and the recent waterway combination trend in the inner border area is high mud silt, the bean curd slag waist channel moves north, West Dagang and Dagang's south. North collusion.
(3) since 1970, the evolution process of the inner border area of the radiation sandbar can be divided into four stages: the 1970s Chen Jiawu period (complete sandbar period), the period of 1980s dynamic relative balance, the period of 1990s West Dagang, and the East Dagang period after 2000.
(4) understanding the evolution mechanism of the inner border area: the inner border area is the confluence area of the two tidal wave system, the tidal wave convergence region is turbulent characteristic, the water channel of the north and south sides of the inner rim region of the radiation sandbar is stable, and the continuous expansion of the high mud in the eastern part of the inner margin makes the south to north passage of the Chen Jiawu trough tail gradually atrophy and silt, west big port and East Dagang The evolution of the tidal gully system is the adaptive development of the North-South channel main channel in the West. Under the background of external environment stability, the inner border area will be relatively stable in the north and south channel and the dynamic variation of the branch trench system.
(5) the inner border area of the radiation sandbar is the largest low tide outcropping Sandbar Area, but because it is located in the two tidal wave convergence area, the tidal channel converges here, making the hydrodynamic environment complex and the flush and silting of the beach is changeable. The tidal flat reclamation layout needs to adapt to the tidal power field and maintain the stability of the existing tidal dynamic pattern. The basic principles of the bureau are as follows: 1. Maintain the link between the north and South waterways. 2. Retain the "crack point area" of the waterway.
(6) according to the principle of reclamation in the inner border area proposed by the study, the paper puts forward the overall plan of the large and small two categories of 8 kinds of reclamation layout. According to the response analysis of the tidal power and flux change of the different reclamation layout schemes, the paper recommends the small scale block reclamation layout scheme. The coastal area of high mud south is the confluence area of East Dagang and south water, the tidal gully system of the beach surface is well developed, the reclamation conditions are more complex, and it is suggested to restrict the development when the demand for reclamation is not significant.
The innovation of the paper is embodied in the following: (1) based on the morphological features and dynamic characteristics of the sea area of the radiation sandbar, the zoning scheme of the dynamic geomorphology system of the "waterway sandbank system" in the radiation sandbar, based on the control power, is put forward, and the characteristics of the interdecadal evolution stage of the inner edge of the radiation sandbar are put forward, and the dynamic environment of the inner edge area is revealed. The basic principle of the tidal flat reclamation layout in the inner border area is put forward, and the small scale block reclamation layout of the inner edge area of the sand continent is determined on this basis.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P748

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