海洋污染对中华白海豚栖息地选择的影响研究

发布时间：2018-05-18 06:00

本文选题：海洋污染 + 中华白海豚　；参考：《北京大学学报(自然科学版)》2017年06期

【摘要】：为了探索污染对海洋生物栖息地的影响,以2006—2007年中华白海豚在广西钦州三娘湾及其邻近海域的出现数据为基础,结合Google海洋地形数据、卫星遥感数据和2012年度海洋环境调查数据,构建干、湿季节海豚分布预测的最大熵模型,发现与主要河口的距离是决定海豚栖息地分布的最主要因素。比较基于不同环境变量的模型预测结果,发现海豚分布范围还受到水体营养盐和持久性污染物质的限制性影响,在干旱季节和湿润季节都出现预测栖息地面积缩小的现象。根据模型预测和比较结果,得到中华白海豚的栖息地选择策略:选择河口海域生活以获得丰富的鱼类食物,同时趋向于回避高污染风险的区域。研究结论对海洋保护区的选址及管理策略具有参考意义。
[Abstract]:In order to explore the impact of pollution on marine habitat, based on the occurrence data of Chinese White Dolphin in Qinzhou Bay of SanNiangwan and its adjacent sea area in Qinzhou, Guangxi from 2006 to 2007, combined with Google marine topography data, Satellite remote sensing data and marine environment survey data in 2012 were used to construct the maximum entropy model for prediction of dolphin distribution in dry and wet seasons. It was found that the distance from the main estuaries was the most important factor to determine the distribution of dolphin habitat. Compared with the prediction results based on different environmental variables, it was found that the distribution range of dolphins was also restricted by nutrients and persistent pollutants in water, and the predicted habitat area was reduced in both dry and humid seasons. According to the model prediction and comparison results, the habitat selection strategy of Chinese white dolphin is obtained: choosing estuary to live in order to get abundant fish food, and tending to avoid the area with high pollution risk. The results of the study have reference significance for the location and management strategy of marine protected areas.
【作者单位】：北京大学环境科学与工程学院环境管理系;北京大学生命科学学院自然保护与社会发展研究中心;山东大学(威海)海洋学院;钦州市海洋局;
【基金】：香港海洋公园保育基金(OPCFHK2007) 广西钦州市海洋局专项资金(2012)资助
【分类号】：Q958;X55

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