物体形状及电场频率特征对主动电场定位系统影响研究

发布时间：2018-05-19 18:39

本文选题：水下主动电场定位 + 探测死区　；参考：《电子科技大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：众所周知,地球表面大部分面积都是海洋,并且海洋中蕴含着人类生活生产所需要的各种资源。因此,探索海洋是一个十分重要的议题,而研究开发新的探索技术又是探索海洋的核心方向,特别是现在传统的导航方法在对深海进行探测的过程中又遇见了技术瓶颈,亟待寻求解决当前技术困境的方法。基于水下主动电场定位技术对水下物体进行探测定位是一项新的水下探测技术,它有望突破传统导航方法的瓶颈。这项技术源于生物学家对弱电鱼的研究,生物学家发现：些弱电鱼自身拥有独特的器官,其中一种器官可以放电并在身体周围产生电场,而另一种器官又能接收身体周围的电场,并将接收到的电场信号传输到大脑进行处理,从而达到对周围环境感知的目的。虽然主动电场定位技术的研究还处于起步状态,但是这种技术具有独特的优势,例如结构简单,能耗低,对周边环境状况要求低等,因而很多科学家逐渐开始关注它。本文依托水下主动电场定位原理,利用现有的主动电场定位实验平台,重点研究了被定位物体的几何特征和探测电场的频率特征对水下主动电场定位系统的影响。实验中采用扫频的方式对被定位物体进行探测,实验中使用不同频率特征的激励信号和不同形状及材质的被定位物体进行大量的定位特性实验,通过使用专业的信号分析工具和设计的分析算法对实验中获得的大量实验数据进行分析,最后得到了以下结论：1.实验环境和实验方法相同的情况下,当被定位物体的体积相近而几何形状不同时,几何形状会对水下主动电场定位系统的频率转折点产生较大影响；2.当被定位物体的材料为塑料时,无论它的几何形状如何改变,利用短时傅里叶变换后得到的联合时频分布谱图都呈现出向上凸起的趋势,水下主动电场定位系统都不会出现探测死区现象；3.当实验环境不变时,当被定位物体的形状和材料相同时,通过改变激励信号的频率特征,会对水下主动电场定位系统的探测死区和频率转折点产生较大影响。最后根据激励信号的频率特征对水下主动电场定位系统影响的研究结果,我对定位系统的定位和被定位物体的属性判断算法进行了改进,使算法步骤得到了简化,并提高了算法的可靠性。
[Abstract]:It is well known that most of the surface of the earth's surface is the ocean, and the ocean contains all the resources needed for human life and production. Therefore, the exploration of the ocean is a very important issue, and the research and development of new exploration technology is the core direction of the exploration of the ocean, especially the traditional navigation method in the deep sea. A new underwater detection technique based on underwater active electric field positioning is a new underwater detection technology. It is expected to break through the bottleneck of the traditional navigation method. This technology is derived from the research of the biologists for the weak electric fish. Biologists found that Some weak electric fish have their own unique organs, in which one organ can discharge and produce electric fields around the body, while the other can receive electric fields around the body, and transmit the received electric field signals to the brain for processing to achieve the purpose of perception of the surrounding environment. It is in the starting state, but the technology has unique advantages, such as simple structure, low energy consumption and low requirements for the surrounding environment, so many scientists have gradually begun to pay attention to it. This paper, based on the principle of underwater active electric field positioning, uses the existing active electric field positioning experiment platform, and focuses on the geometric features of the located object. The influence of the frequency characteristics of the electric field on the underwater active electric field positioning system. In the experiment, the scavenging method is used to detect the located object. In the experiment, a large number of localization experiments are carried out using the excitation signals with different frequency characteristics and the different shapes and materials of the objects, and the professional signal analysis tools are used. A large number of experimental data obtained in the experiment are analyzed and the following conclusions are obtained: 1. under the same experimental environment and the same experimental method, the geometric shape will have a great influence on the frequency turning point of the underwater active electric field positioning system when the volume of the object is similar and the geometric shape is different. 2. when the material of the fixed object is plastic, no matter how its geometry is changed, the joint time-frequency distribution spectrum obtained by the short time Fourier transform shows the upward trend, and the underwater active electric field positioning system will not detect the dead zone phenomenon; 3. when the experimental environment is constant, the shape of the fixed object and the shape of the object are the shape of the object. When the material is the same, by changing the frequency characteristic of the excitation signal, the detection dead zone and the frequency turning point of the underwater active electric field positioning system will have great influence. Finally, according to the results of the influence of the frequency characteristic of the excitation signal on the underwater active electric field positioning system, I determine the location of the fixed position system and the attribute of the object being located. The algorithm is improved to simplify the algorithm steps and improve the reliability of the algorithm.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P715.5

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