声学波浪测量技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-19 23:28

本文选题：海洋波浪 + 测波仪　；参考：《天津大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：波浪是海洋中最常见的一种现象，波浪理论是物理海洋学科中研究的一个重要领域，波浪与海面大气交换、碳循环等一系列的科研项目有着密不可分的关系；海浪也是海洋工程设计建造中最重要的动力要素。长期、连续的波浪观测为这些灾害的预警提供了宝贵的数据，波浪的长期观测资料对降低由台风、海浪等海洋灾害造成的经济损失非常关键；波浪的监测与特征值计算的结果不仅有助于研究波浪的形成、生长模式，还有助于研究波浪的内部构成和外在特征。这些资料对研究解决海港和航道的淤积、港口的设计以及海洋石油平台的建设等海洋工程提供了原始数据和必要的动力参数。论文首先介绍了，波浪监测的各种方式方法和对应的原理，并分析了它们各自的优缺点，分析了波浪观测仪器的发展趋势。介绍了有缆式测波仪、自容式测波的系统组成，以及各个组成部分的构成和设计原理，以及部分硬件电路中器件的选型。为了解决声学测波仪在大风浪情况下，CW波脉冲回波信号能量弱，出现回波检测不到或数据误差较大的问题，将线性调频信号相关技术应用到测波仪中，重新设计测波仪采集系统和数据处理方法，对系统进行了低功耗设计。改进后的测波系统通过实验室的试验证明，基本上解决了上述问题。论文主要完成了如下几个方面的工作： 1、分析课题任务书、以及要求的设计指标，编写了总体设计方案，，完成了值班电路、采集器、控制器的硬件电路设计、相应的软件设计。 2、根据系统低功耗的特殊要求，采用了多种降低系统功耗的手段，达到了设计的要求。 3、根据工作水深的要求，进行了高低功率发射机的设计，并设计了自动增益放大器，增加了回波信号的检测概率。 4、完成了实验室水槽测试实验，并对试验数据进行了分析处理。
[Abstract]:Wave is the most common phenomenon in the ocean. Wave theory is an important research field in the physics and ocean science. Wave is closely related to a series of scientific research projects such as sea surface atmosphere exchange, carbon cycle and so on. Ocean wave is also the most important power element in ocean engineering design and construction. Long-term and continuous wave observation provides valuable data for early warning of these disasters. The long-term observation data of wave is very important to reduce the economic loss caused by typhoon, wave and other marine disasters. The results of wave monitoring and eigenvalue calculation are helpful not only to study the formation and growth model of waves, but also to study the internal and external characteristics of waves. These data provide the original data and necessary dynamic parameters for the study of seaport and channel siltation, port design and offshore oil platform construction. In this paper, the methods and principles of wave monitoring are introduced, their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed, and the development trend of wave observation instruments is analyzed. This paper introduces the system composition of the cable type wave measuring instrument, the self-contained wave measuring system, and the composition and design principle of each component, as well as the selection of the devices in some hardware circuits. In order to solve the problem that the energy of pulse echo signal of CW wave is weak and the echo can not be detected or the error of data is large, the correlation technology of linear frequency modulation signal is applied to the instrument. The acquisition system and data processing method of wave measuring instrument are redesigned, and the system is designed with low power consumption. The improved wave measurement system has been proved to solve the above problems by laboratory experiments. The main work of this thesis is as follows: 1. Analyze the task book and the design index, write the overall design scheme, complete the hardware circuit design of duty circuit, collector, controller, and the corresponding software design. 2. According to the special requirement of low power consumption, a variety of methods are adopted to reduce the power consumption of the system, which meets the design requirements. 3. According to the requirement of water depth, the high and low power transmitter is designed, and the automatic gain amplifier is designed, which increases the detection probability of echo signal. 4. The laboratory flume test was completed, and the test data were analyzed and processed.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P714.1;P716.22

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