北欧海溢流的水文特征和变化机理综述

发布时间：2018-05-24 09:28

本文选题：溢流 + 北欧海　；参考：《地球科学进展》2017年03期

【摘要】：北欧海是连接北冰洋和大西洋的纽带,在全球气候系统中具有特殊重要地位。北欧海通过格陵兰—苏格兰海脊溢流的高密度水,是北大西洋深层水的重要来源,在全球大洋输送带中具有关键性作用。通过评述国内外关于现代北欧海溢流的研究成果,介绍了北欧海3个主要溢流通道即法罗海台水道(FBC)、冰岛—法罗群岛海脊(IFR)、丹麦海峡(DS)上溢流水体性质、流量的基本特征和多尺度变化特征,剖析了各通道上溢流水体的来源及影响溢流变化的可能因素和物理过程,并着重阐述了法罗群岛—设德兰岛水道上溢流的强混合特征。基于这些认识,分析了北欧海总溢流的变化特征及各通道溢流之间的关系,给出北欧海溢流的整体结构。介绍了正压和斜压效应在溢流过程发挥的作用,将溢流各种尺度的变化与大气过程建立了联系。由于溢流过程非常复杂,与北欧海内部的对流和混合过程密切相关,很多问题尚不清楚,需要更多的观测与研究。
[Abstract]:The Nordic Sea is a link between the Arctic Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean and plays a special role in the global climate system. The high density water overflowing from the Greenland-Scottish ridge in the Nordic Sea is an important source of deep water in the North Atlantic Ocean and plays a key role in the global ocean conveyor belt. Based on the review of the research results of the modern Nordic Sea Spillway at home and abroad, this paper introduces the nature of the overflow water body on the three main overflow channels in the Nordic Sea, namely, the Faroe platform waterway, the Icelandic Faroese Ridge IFRN, and the Danish Strait DSs. The basic characteristics and multi-scale variation characteristics of discharge are analyzed. The source of overflow water on each channel and the possible factors and physical process affecting the overflow change are analyzed. The strong mixing characteristics of overflow on the Farois-Shetland Island waterway are emphatically expounded. Based on these understandings, the variation characteristics of the Scandinavian sea total overflow and the relationship between the channels are analyzed, and the overall structure of the Nordic sea overflow is given. The effects of barotropic and baroclinic effects on the overflow process are introduced. Because the overflow process is very complicated and closely related to the convection and mixing processes in the Nordic Sea, many problems are still unknown, and more observations and studies are needed.
【作者单位】：中国海洋大学物理海洋重点实验室;国家海洋环境监测中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金重点项目“北极海冰与上层海洋环流耦合变化及其气候效应”(编号:41330960) 全球变化研究国家重大科学研究计划“北极海冰减退引起的北极放大机理与全球气候效应”(编号:2015CB953900)资助~~
【分类号】：P731

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