福建沿海米氏凯伦藻赤潮对皱纹盘鲍的危害原因

发布时间：2018-05-27 16:01

本文选题：米氏凯伦藻 + 皱纹盘鲍　；参考：《海洋环境科学》2016年01期

【摘要】：针对2012年在福建沿海致鲍鱼大量死亡、造成了巨大经济损失的米氏凯伦藻赤潮,为验证鲍鱼短时间内大量死亡的原因是否来源于米氏凯伦藻自身的毒性效应,本文初步研究了不同环境条件下,分离自赤潮现场的一株米氏凯伦藻(Karenia mikimotoi)对皱纹盘鲍(Haliotis discus hannai)的急性毒性效应。实验过程中,监测了曝气与非曝气条件下,环境因素中氨氮(TAN)、p H、DO的变化。研究发现,曝气条件下,实验体系中DO的变动范围为7.3~7.8 mg/L,p H的变动范围为7.5~8.2,TAN浓度的变动范围为0.0035~0.084 mg/L(能维持贝类正常生存),此时米氏凯伦藻趋近于赤潮现场藻细胞数量时(3×10~7/L),鲍鱼48 h死亡率为33.3%,96 h内死亡率达100%,说明此时鲍鱼的急剧死亡是由米氏凯伦藻本身的毒性效应引起的。在非曝气条件下,DO由7.1 mg/L降低至1.8 mg/L,实验体系中p H的变动范围为7.2~8.1,TAN的变动范围为0.007~0.051 mg/L,此时米氏凯伦藻藻细胞数量为3×10~7/L时,鲍鱼16 h内死亡率达100%,说明低氧的环境条件可以导致赤潮对鲍鱼的毒性效应加剧。由此可以推测,赤潮发生时皱纹盘鲍短时间内的大量死亡与米氏凯伦藻本身的毒性效应有关,而低氧等环境条件可以导致毒性效应加剧。
[Abstract]:In view of the red tide of Karen Michaelis, which caused a large number of abalone deaths in the Fujian coastal area in 2012 and caused great economic losses, the reasons for the large number of abalone deaths in a short period of time were verified to be due to the toxic effects of the algae itself. The acute toxicity of a strain of Karenia mikimotoi isolated from the red tide field on Haliotis discus hannaie was preliminarily studied under different environmental conditions. In the course of the experiment, the changes of the ammonia nitrogen (TANN) in the environmental factors under the condition of aeration and non-aeration were monitored. The study found that under aeration conditions, In the experimental system, the variation range of do is 7.3n 7.8 mg / L h and the range of concentration of 7.5g 路L ~ (-2) N ~ (-1) N is 0.0035 ~ 0.084 mg 路L ~ (-1) (which can maintain the normal survival of shellfish), when the number of algal cells in the red tide field approaches 3 脳 10 ~ (7) L / L, the mortality of abalone in 48 h is 3 脳 10 ~ (7) L ~ (-1), the mortality rate of abalone is 48 h. The death rate of abalone was 100 in 96 hours, indicating that the acute death of abalone was caused by the toxic effect of Karen's algae itself. Under the condition of non-aeration, the amount of do decreased from 7.1 mg/L to 1.8 mg / L, the pH of the experimental system varied from 7.2 to 8.1mg / L, and the variation range of pH was 0.007 ~ 0.051 mg / L, when the number of algal cells was 3 脳 10 ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1). The mortality rate of abalone within 16 hours was 100, which indicated that the toxicity of red tide to abalone could be aggravated by hypoxia. Therefore, it can be inferred that a large number of deaths of abalone in a short period of time during the occurrence of red tide are related to the toxic effect of Karen's algae itself, but hypoxia and other environmental conditions can lead to the increase of the toxic effect.
【作者单位】：中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室;中国科学院大学;中国环境科学研究院流域水生态保护技术研究室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(41476102);国家自然科学基金创新研究群体项目(41121064) 中国科学院战略重点研究项目(XDA01020304)
【分类号】：X55

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