围填海工程对海洋环境影响的Meta分析

发布时间：2018-05-28 06:07

本文选题：海洋环境 + 围填海工程　；参考：《大连理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：今天,在人类文明与经济高速发展的同时,令人担忧的是,人类也在面临着日益严峻的环境污染问题。在城市化规模正以一种前所未有的速度发展的今天,大片耕地、森林被改建成为城镇。而在人口压力日趋增大的沿海城市中,人类又将发展的目光瞄准了海洋。进入二十世纪,在丰厚的经济收益面前,大规模的填海造地活动在世界各地都呈现出方兴未艾之势,于此同时也产生了一些环境问题。前人在研究围填海工程可能对海洋环境造成的影响时,一般以单一的围填海工程为研究对象,主要通过监测某一项目建设前后附近区域海洋因子数据的变化情况推论得出围填海工程对于海洋环境的影响情况,而一些相关的环评报告中,仅仅是以建设后的监测数据和规范标准进行对比,以证明围填海工程对海洋环境的影响情况。本文将首次从循证角度出发,运用Meta分析法探讨围填海工程建设后对海洋生态环境的影响。分析包括COD、SS、流速、PH、溶解氧、无机氮、磷酸盐、Cu、Cd、Zn、Pb在内的11项环境影响因子在围填海工程建设前后的变化情况,其中COD、PH的分析结果显示在围填海工程建成后有所下降(COD:MD=-0.51(-1.02,0.00; P=0.05), PH:MD=-0.07(-0.12,-0.01;P=0.01))。而溶解氧、磷酸盐、Cd、Pb的分析结果显示在围填海工程建成后有所升高(溶解氧：MD=1.14(0.53,1.76；P=0.0003),磷酸盐：MD=0.02(0.00,0.03；P=0.04), Cd:SMD=2.07(0.21,3.92; P=0.03), Pb:SMD=2.52(0.49,4.55; P=0.02))。采用Meta分析的方法研究围填海工程对所在区域海洋生态环境的影响,为日后此类工程在环境影响评估中,提供一定的理论支持。同时更可以为Meta分析法在环境工程、土木工程等领域的研究提供一定的参考借鉴作用,为其他研究者提供一个全新的研究以及思考模式。
[Abstract]:Today, with the rapid development of human civilization and economy, it is worrying that mankind is facing increasingly serious environmental pollution. Today, the scale of urbanization is developing at an unprecedented rate, large areas of cultivated land and forests have been converted into towns. But in the coastal cities where population pressure is increasing day by day, human beings aim at the sea. In the 20th century, in the face of rich economic benefits, large-scale reclamation activities in all parts of the world show the trend of ascendancy, but also produced some environmental problems. In studying the possible impacts of reclamations on the marine environment, predecessors have generally taken a single reclamation project as the object of study. The effects of reclamation on the marine environment are inferred mainly by monitoring the changes of regional marine factor data in the vicinity of a project before and after the construction of the project, and in some relevant EIA reports, Only the monitoring data after construction are compared with the standard to prove the impact of reclamation on the marine environment. In this paper, for the first time, from the point of view of evidence, Meta analysis method is used to study the impact of reclamation on marine ecological environment. The changes of 11 environmental impact factors, including COD SSS, flow rate PH, dissolved oxygen, inorganic nitrogen, phosphate cu CD + Zn + Pb, before and after reclamation construction, were analyzed. The results of CODPH analysis showed that after the reclamation project was completed, there was a decrease in COD: MD-0.51- 1.020.00; P0.05, PHMD-0.07U -0.12U -0.01P0.01N. However, the analysis of dissolved oxygen, phosphate and CDU Pb showed that the amount of dissolved oxygen increased after the completion of the reclamation project (dissolved oxygen: 1. 14 / 1. 14 / 0.53 / 1. 76 / 1. 76 / 0.0003), phosphate: 0. 022 / 0. 00 / 0. 03 / P ~ (0.04), CD / S / MDT = 2. 07 / 0.21 / 3.92; P0. 03 / 1, Pb / M / M = 2. 52 / 0. 49 / 4.55; P = 0. 02 / 0. The Meta analysis method is used to study the impacts of reclamation projects on the marine ecological environment in the region, which provides certain theoretical support for the environmental impact assessment of such projects in the future. At the same time, it can provide some reference for Meta analysis in environmental engineering, civil engineering and other fields, and provide a new research and thinking mode for other researchers.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X82;P756.8

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