深海海底斜坡环境下的声传播

发布时间：2018-06-06 23:24

本文选题：深海 + 海底斜坡　；参考：《物理学报》2016年01期

【摘要】：海底地形变化对声传播具有很大影响,在南海深海区域海底斜坡环境下进行了一次声传播实验,实验显示倾斜海底环境下声传播损失出现了一些不同于平坦海底环境下的现象,分析并解释了海底地形变化对产生声传播差异的原因.结果表明,海底斜坡对声波的反射增强作用可使斜坡上方的声传播损失减少约5 d B.当声波第一次入射到达的海底位置有较小幅度的山丘(凸起高度小于1/10海深)时,海底小山丘即可对声波有反射遮挡作用,导致在其反射区特定传播距离和深度上出现倒三角声影区,比平坦海底环境下相同影区位置处的传播损失增大约8 d B,影响深度可达海面以下1500 m.而海底斜坡对声波的反射阻挡作用使得从海面反射及水体向下折射的会聚区结构消失,只剩下从水体向上折射的会聚结构.因此,海底地形对深海声传播影响较大,在水下目标探测和性能评估等应用中应予以重视.
[Abstract]:The variation of submarine topography has great influence on sound propagation. An infrasound sound propagation experiment has been carried out in the deep sea slope environment of the South China Sea. The experiment shows that the sound propagation loss in the inclined seabed environment is different from that in the flat seabed environment. This paper analyzes and explains the reasons for the difference of acoustic propagation caused by the variation of submarine topography. The results show that the sound propagation loss above the slope can be reduced by about 5 dB due to the enhancement of acoustic reflection on the submarine slope. When the first time the acoustic wave reaches the bottom of the sea with a relatively small range of hills (the raised height is less than a tenth of the depth of the sea), the submarine hills can have the effect of shielding the sound waves from reflection. As a result, the inverted triangular acoustic region appears in the specific propagation distance and depth of the reflection zone, which increases the propagation loss at the same position in the flat seabed environment by about 8 dB, and the influence depth is up to 1500 m below the sea level. However, the reflection and blocking of acoustic waves by submarine slopes make the confluence area structure from the reflection of the sea surface and the downward refraction of the water body disappear, leaving only the confluence structure refraction from the water body upward. Therefore, submarine topography has a great influence on deep sea acoustic propagation, which should be paid more attention to in underwater target detection and performance evaluation.
【作者单位】：中国科学院声学研究所声场声信息国家重点实验室;中国科学院大学电子电气与通信工程学院;中国科学院声学研究所南海研究站;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(批准号:11434012,41561144006,11174312,11404366)资助的课题~~
【分类号】：P733.21

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