近40年来渤海湾岸线变化及影响分析

发布时间：2018-06-12 15:30

本文选题：渤海湾 + 遥感　；参考：《华东师范大学学报(自然科学版)》2017年04期

【摘要】：利用遥感和地理信息系统方法,基于1975—2015年间多期Landsat TM/ETM卫星影像数据,对近40年来渤海湾陆域海岸线变化、海湾面积变化和海岸属性变化等进行了分析.研究结果显示;近40年来渤海湾陆域海岸线总长度增加761 km,呈现先微略减小后逐渐增加的变化;至2015年渤海湾沿岸人工海岸线比例约占岸线总长度的95%以上,渤海湾海湾面积一直呈逐渐减少的趋势;导致岸线长度增加和性质变化的主要原因是人类活动(围填海工程与港口建设),主要集中在曹妃甸港区、天津港、黄骅港三个重点区域.从水动力、沉积物以及自然演变环境等方面分析了岸线和海湾面积的变化对海湾动力沉积环境的影响,指出随着海洋滩涂资源和港口资源开发活动不断增加,人为因素对海岸带环境演变的影响愈加明显.
[Abstract]:Based on the data of Landsat TM / ETM satellite images from 1975 to 2015, the changes of coastline, bay area and coastal attributes in Bohai Bay during the past 40 years are analyzed by using remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) methods. The results show that the total length of the continental coastline of Bohai Bay has increased by 761 km in the past 40 years, showing a slight decrease at first and then increasing gradually. By 2015, the proportion of artificial shoreline along the Bohai Bay coast accounts for more than 95% of the total length of the shoreline. The area of Bohai Bay has been decreasing gradually, and the main reason for the increase of shoreline length and the change in nature is human activities (reclamation and port construction), mainly concentrated in Caofeidian Port, Tianjin Port, Huanghua Port three key areas. The influence of the changes of shoreline and bay area on the dynamic sedimentary environment of the bay is analyzed from the aspects of hydrodynamics, sediment and natural evolution environment. It is pointed out that with the increasing exploitation of marine tidal flat resources and port resources, The influence of human factors on the environmental evolution of coastal zone is becoming more and more obvious.
【作者单位】：天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室;交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所港口水工建筑技术国家工程实验室工程泥沙交通行业重点实验室;华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室;
【基金】：河口海岸学国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLEC-KF201508) 广西北部湾海岸科学与工程实验室基金(2016KYB03) 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(TKS150207,TKS150211,TKS170202)
【分类号】：P737.1;P748

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