海洋废弃设施钢桩吸排泥装置设计研究

发布时间：2018-07-06 15:10

本文选题：钢桩 + 吸排泥装置　；参考：《哈尔滨工程大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,随着人们的技术水平不断的提高,海洋资源开发利用也进入了一个新的时代,但由于复杂多变的海洋环境,海洋设施总是会出现不同的破坏,致使其使用寿命下降,最终沦为废弃设施。在我国,拆除已经或将要达到服役期的海洋设施时,不论是用何种切割方式,要先排出海底的泥沙。本文设计研究的钢桩内排泥设备采用液压钻头及高压水喷冲系统将泥沙与钻井液混合成为固-液两相流,然后通过气举式排泥装置将含有泥沙的固-液两相流吸排至钢桩外侧。首先,对海洋废弃设施钢桩吸排泥装置总体方案进行了设计。根据维修公司的具体要求确定了吸排泥装置的技术参数,同时根据技术参数及工作要求确定了吸排泥机械系统的组成部分,它包括吸排泥系统、固定支撑架、导向装置和工作平台,吸排泥系统又包括钻头、钻杆、动力头以及导向支撑装置等部分,并对每一个系统以及部件进行具体分析,对控制系统的功能、组成及工作原理进行介绍。之后,对吸排泥装置中动力头的液压系统进行设计研究。根据工作环境以及工艺要求,对动力头液压系统进行方案研究,并对液压马达、液压泵、发动机、液压缸等元件进行选型设计计算,根据液压泵以及液压马达设计参数,对液压泵和液压马达进行效率计算,并根据这些计算结果计算液压系统总效率并绘制效率曲线,再进行液压系统的动力学计算,并分析该系统是否满足设计参数要求。再后,对吸排泥装置总体管路进行设计研究。根据工作要求合理的设计了排泥管路结构,并对构成排泥管路的各关键元件进行选型设计,包括空气压缩机、钻头喷嘴、高压水泵以及高压喷头。为了使排泥效率最大化,对高压喷头安装位置进行设计,采用最优化理论计算方法计算出高压喷头数量以及X轴、Z轴方向上的偏移角度。最后,对吸排泥装置的关键部件,包括动力头驱动轴系、挂钩与支撑架连接件、注水弯管进行了强度校核,并且对关键流体运动,包括排泥管流体流场和喷头喷管三维流场进行了分析,通过分析其压力与速度等参变量的变化,得到流体的运动规律,根据这些运动规律,并改变其中单一参变量进行对比试验,提出提高排泥效率的方法。
[Abstract]:At present, with the continuous improvement of people's technical level, the exploitation and utilization of marine resources has entered a new era. However, due to the complex and changeable marine environment, the marine facilities will always appear different damage, resulting in the decline of their service life. They were eventually reduced to abandoned facilities. In our country, when removing the marine facilities which have been or will reach the service period, no matter by any cutting method, the sediment from the seabed should be discharged first. In this paper, hydraulic bit and high pressure water jet system are used to mix sediment and drilling fluid into solid-liquid two-phase flow, and then the solid-liquid two-phase flow containing sediment is sucked out to the outside of steel pile by gas-lift mud discharging device. First of all, the overall scheme of steel pile suction and discharging device in marine waste facilities is designed. According to the specific requirements of the maintenance company, the technical parameters of the suction and drainage device are determined. At the same time, according to the technical parameters and working requirements, the components of the suction and drainage mechanical system are determined, which include the suction and discharging system, the fixed support frame, The guiding device and the working platform, the mud suction and drainage system includes the bit, the drill pipe, the power head and the guide support device, and carries on the concrete analysis to each system and the component, to the control system function, The composition and working principle are introduced. After that, the hydraulic system of the power head in the suction and draining device is designed and studied. According to the working environment and process requirements, the hydraulic system of the power head is studied, and the hydraulic motor, hydraulic pump, engine, hydraulic cylinder and other components are selected and calculated. According to the design parameters of hydraulic pump and hydraulic motor, The efficiency of hydraulic pump and hydraulic motor is calculated. According to these results, the total efficiency of hydraulic system is calculated and the efficiency curve is drawn. Then the dynamic calculation of hydraulic system is carried out, and the requirement of design parameters is analyzed. After that, the design of the overall pipeline of the suction and drainage device is carried out. According to the requirements of the work, the structure of the mud discharge pipeline is designed reasonably, and the key components of the pipeline are selected and designed, including air compressor, bit nozzle, high pressure water pump and high pressure nozzle. In order to maximize the efficiency of discharging mud, the installation position of high pressure nozzle was designed, and the number of high pressure nozzle and the offset angle of X axis Z axis were calculated by the method of optimization theory. Finally, the key components of the suction and draining device, including the driving shafting system of the power head, the connecting parts of the hook and the support frame, the water injection elbow, and the key fluid movement are checked. The fluid flow field of the exhaust pipe and the three dimensional flow field of the nozzle are analyzed. By analyzing the variation of the parameters such as pressure and velocity, the motion laws of the fluid are obtained. A method to improve the efficiency of mud discharge was put forward by changing the single parameter to carry on the contrast test.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P742;TH122

【参考文献】