青岛近海海域灾害地质特征研究

发布时间：2018-07-08 13:40

本文选题：灾害地质因素 + 分布特征　；参考：《石家庄经济学院》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着海洋开发与利用事业的发展，海洋工程建设日益增多，海洋灾害地质对人类赖以生存的环境和生命财产构成了很大的威胁。青岛市地处我国东中部沿海，随着海洋工程建设事业的发展，海洋地质灾害研究的重要性也日益凸显出来。青岛近海海域地质环境较复杂，孕育着多种灾害地质因素。由于该区经济发达，已经或者正在进行大量的海洋工程建设，因此研究本区海岸带灾害地质具有重要的理论与实际意义。本文在1:25万青岛幅海洋区域地质调查项目的支持下利用在青岛近海海域所获得的3000km的浅地层剖面资料、1100km的侧扫声纳资料、1800km的单道地震资料及同步水深测量资料并收集整理了大量该区域的历史地质资料，分别对研究区内海底地形地貌、活动性断裂、埋藏古河道、不规则基岩面的分布特征及控制因素进行了研究，发现青岛近海海域潜在灾害地质因素特征主要包括以下几个方面： 1.根据单道地震资料推断，在青岛近海在千里岩西侧存在一条北东向走向的活动断裂。该活动断层与一级构造（千里岩北缘断裂）相吻合推测为新的断裂是在老断裂的基础上继承老断裂发育起来的，或者是老断裂再活动诱发产生的次级小断裂。 2.浅地层剖面资料及单道地震资料显示研究区内分布全新世和中更新世两期埋藏古河道。其中全新世埋藏古河道有四条较大的古河道主要分布在乳山口、丁字湾、鳌山湾、崂山附近海域。中更新世古河道主要分布在崂山以东海域，宽度较大,主河道走向南东东，随后分为两支，一支折向北东，一支折向南东。 3.浅层气在垂向上分布很浅，其顶界深度距海底10m左右的位置，且集中在5个区域基本上处于同一层位上成大面积层状分布。主要分布在丁字湾河口形成的古河道周围且与该期古河道沉积物处于同一层位。推测为海底古河道沉积物以富含有机质的陆源碎屑为主，含有腐殖型为主的有机质，通过生物降解作用而形成的浅层气藏。 4.不规则基岩主要集中在6个区域：千里岩附近；丁字湾河口附近；崂山东部及南部靠近岛屿；南岛附近；胶州湾；其中胶州湾内基岩主要分布在红岛附近及湾口附近区域。总体来看，不规则基岩面主要分布在近岸或靠近礁石、岛屿的地方。 5.潮流沙脊主要分布在胶州湾口和崂山西南方向。胶州湾口的潮流沙脊南北延伸，沙脊和沙脊之间被潮道分开，，形成沟－脊相间地形。 6.根据侧扫资料显示研究区内的侵蚀槽主要分布在胶州湾湾口和大桥湾湾口附近及崂山头南岸近岸。 7.研究区内主要分布三个河口三角洲大沽河－洋河复合三角洲、丁字湾河口三角洲、乳山湾河口三角洲。新构造运动、海平面变化、沉积动力过程是影响该区灾害地质分布的主要因素。近海灾害地质因素分布区域通常对工程建筑有一定的危害性，在进行海岸带及海岸工程建设施工前应充分考虑其影响。
[Abstract]:With the development of marine development and utilization, the construction of marine engineering is increasing. The marine disaster geology poses a great threat to the living environment and life and property of human being. Qingdao is located in the East and central coast of China. With the development of marine engineering construction, the importance of marine geological disasters is becoming more and more important. The geological environment of the coastal waters of Qingdao is more complex and is pregnant with a variety of disaster geological factors. Because of the economic development of this area, a large number of marine engineering construction has been or is being carried out. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the disaster geology of the coastal zone.
In this paper, under the support of the Qingdao ocean regional geological survey of 1:25 million, the shallow stratigraphic data of 3000km obtained in the coastal waters of Qingdao, the side scan sonar data of 1100km, the single channel seismic data of 1800km and the synchronous water depth survey data, and a large number of historical geological data of the region are collected and collated, respectively, on the inland sea of the study area. It is found that the characteristics of the potential disaster geological factors in the coastal waters of Qingdao include the following aspects: the bottom topography, the active fault, the buried ancient river, the distribution characteristics of the irregular bedrock surface and the control factors.
1. according to the single channel seismic data, it is concluded that there is a northward movement fault in the west side of the Qingdao sea at the west side of the killi rock. The active fault coincides with the primary structure (the northern edge fault of the kilo rock) conjectured that the new fault was developed from the old fault on the basis of the old fault, or the secondary fault induced by the reactivity of the old fracture. Small fracture.
The 2. shallow stratigraphic section data and single channel seismic data show that the Holocene and Middle Pleistocene buried paleo channels are distributed in the study area. Among them, four larger paleo river channels are mainly distributed in yamamaguchi, Ding yam Bay, Ao Shan Bay, and near Laoshan. The Middle Pleistocene paleo channels are mainly distributed in the east of Laoshan. The main river runs eastward and then divides into two branches, one to the north and the other to the south.
3. the shallow gas is very shallow in vertical distribution, and its top boundary depth is about 10m in the bottom of the sea, and the 5 regions are mainly distributed in a large area on the same horizon. It is mainly distributed around the paleo river channel formed in the estuary of the Ding Zi Wan and is in the same horizon with the sediments of the ancient river channel. Terrigenous clastic organic matter, mainly organic matter with humic type, is a shallow gas reservoir formed by biodegradation.
4. irregular bedrock mainly concentrated in 6 regions: near the thousand li rock; near the estuary of tine Bay; near the island in the East and south of Laoshan; near the South Island; the Gulf of Jiaozhou; of which the bedrock in the Jiaozhou Bay is mainly located near the red island and near the mouth of the Bay. The place.
5. the tidal sand ridges are mainly distributed in the Jiaozhou bay mouth and the southwestern direction of Laoshan. The tidal sand ridge of the Jiaozhou bay mouth extends north-south, and the sand ridges and the sand ridges are separated by the tidal channels to form the trench ridge topography.
6. according to the side scan data, the erosion trough in the study area is mainly located near the Jiaozhou bay mouth and the bridge bay mouth and the coast near the south coast of Laoshan.
7. the study area mainly distributes three estuarine delta Dagu river the Yanghe River composite Delta, delta estuary Delta, Rushan Bay Estuary Delta.
The new tectonic movement, the sea level change and the sedimentary dynamic process are the main factors that affect the distribution of the disaster geology in this area. The distribution area of the offshore disaster geological factors usually has some harm to the engineering construction, and the shadow should be fully considered before the construction of the coastal zone and the coastal engineering.
【学位授予单位】：石家庄经济学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P694;P736

【参考文献】