寒潮过程对黄海海域海气界面热动量通量的影响研究

发布时间：2018-07-09 15:40

  本文选题：黄海 + 海气热量和动量通量　； 参考：《南京信息工程大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文重点探讨寒潮强烈天气过程对我国黄海海域海气界面热量和动量通量的影响。利用CFSR大气海洋再分析资料分析了2009-2013年5年间在寒潮活跃期海气要素及热、动量通量的多年月平均时空分布特征；利用中央气象台micaps资料统计2009-2013年黄海海域寒潮天气过程发生的频次、强度及影响路径,并统计分析了在寒潮过程中热、动量通量发生显著变化；最后通过FVCOM区域海流模式与FVCOM-SWAVE浪流耦合模式模拟典型寒潮过程黄海海域海气要素及海气热、动量通量对其的响应特征,对比分析寒潮要素特别是风浪要素对海气热、动量通量传输的影响作用。(1)首先寒潮活跃期是指当年的11月、12月及次年的1月、2月、3月这五个月份,在寒潮活跃期受海表大风、海气温差及海洋环流等因子的影响,动量通量交换强烈,热通量失热状态显著。动量通量在12月与1月传输最强烈,最大值位于黄海东部区域为0.14 N/m2,而春季3月则减弱为0.1 N/m2以下；热通量在冬季一月份表现出强烈的失热状态,失热中心也位于黄海东部,最大值为-250W/m2,春季3月份热通量强度减弱到-50 W/m2左右。(2)统计2009-2013年影响黄海海域的寒潮,发生寒潮频次最高的月份是11月和12月,最低的月份是1月。寒潮影响黄海的路径主要分为两种：一种是偏北路径,此路径寒潮冷空气距源地近,通常从极地取最短路径南下影响我国黄渤海,偏北风为主,寒潮在海域东北部强于西南部；另一种是偏西路径,此路径寒潮虽然冷空气源地纬度相对偏低,但在其东进途中有冷空气加入,亦可以在华东地区造成大风和显著降温,此类寒潮入侵我国东部海域时,偏西北风为主,往往南部强度较强。在寒潮发生期间海气热、动量通量输送比多年平均状况会显著增强,偏北路寒潮过程中海气热通量比多年月平均值增大1-6倍,动量通量增大1-5倍；偏西路寒潮中海气热通量比多年月平均值增大1-4倍,动量通量增大1-5倍。(3)选取典型偏北路寒潮与偏西路寒潮进行数值模拟,由于寒潮冷空气强度与影响路径的差异,海气热量和动量通量的响应特征差异明显：在偏北路寒潮中,冷锋呈纬向入侵黄海,东部强于西部,造成海域东部为热量和动量通量大值区,由于偏北路寒潮的冷空气强度大,热量和动量通量的响应也更为强烈。偏西路寒潮过程中冷空气纬度偏低,冷空气自西向东推进,冷锋呈经向入侵黄海,南部强于北部,相应的海面热量和动量通量在黄海南部形成大值区,但热量和动量通量响应弱于偏北路寒潮,偏西路径寒潮动量通量强度较偏北路径弱约1/4,而热通量则弱大约1/2。(4)对比不同波浪状况的FVCOM-SWAVE耦合数值模拟结果与FVCOM控制实验数值模拟结果,进一步探讨风浪要素对海气热、动量通量的影响,结果显示：由于风浪使海表粗糙度加大,海水混合增强,造成无论是偏北路寒潮还是偏西路寒潮,风浪作用均增大海气间热、动量通量的交换传输,结果与实况更加接近。当风浪进一步增大到1.5倍,动量通量最大值增大约60%,热通量增大10-160 W/m2；而风浪减弱则会削弱海气间热、动量通量的交换传输,当风浪减弱0.5倍,动量通量最大值则减弱了约20%,热通量减小10-55 W/m2左右。风浪作用对热动量通量传输的影响特征为相对于同样的变化量,风浪增大时通量增量显著强于风浪减小时的通量减量。风浪在黄海不同区域对热、动量通量的影响也有所差别,对三个关键纬度的纬向平均显示,偏北路寒潮在风浪的作用下,动量通量增幅在12.5%-18%,热通量增幅在5%-10%；偏西路寒潮动量通量增幅为2.6%-3%,热通量增幅在3%-16%。
[Abstract]:This paper focuses on the influence of the cold wave intense weather process on the heat and momentum flux at the sea air interface in the the Yellow Sea sea area of China. By using the reanalysis data of the CFSR atmosphere ocean, the characteristics of the annual and spatial temporal and spatial distribution of the air sea air elements and the heat and momentum flux in the active period of the cold tide during the 2009-2013 years and 5 years are analyzed, and the statistics of the Central Meteorological Station MICAPS data are used to make a statistical analysis. The frequency, intensity and influence path of the cold tide weather process in the the Yellow Sea sea area in 009-2013, and the statistical analysis of the significant changes in the heat and momentum flux during the cold tide process. Finally, the air sea air elements and sea air heat in the the Yellow Sea sea area are simulated by the coupling model of the FVCOM regional ocean current and the FVCOM-SWAVE wave flow. (1) the first cold wave active period is the November, December and January, February, March, the five months, which are influenced by the sea surface wind, the sea temperature difference and the ocean circulation, and the exchange of momentum flux in the active period of the cold tide. Strong heat flux lost heat. Momentum flux was transmitted most strongly in December and January. The maximum value was 0.14 N/m2 in the eastern region of the Yellow Sea and less than 0.1 N/m2 in spring March; heat flux showed a strong heat loss in January, and the center of heat loss was located in Eastern the Yellow Sea. The maximum value was -250W/m2 and spring March heat pass. The intensity is reduced to about -50 W/m2. (2) the 2009-2013 year cold tide affects the cold tide in the Yellow Sea sea area. The highest month of the cold tide is November and December, the lowest month is January. The cold tide affects the the Yellow Sea path mainly divided into two kinds: one is the North path, the cold wave cold air is near the source, usually the shortest path from the pole to the south. The north wind is stronger in the Yellow Bohai, and the cold tide is stronger in the northeast of the sea area. The other is the westward path. Although the cold air is relatively low in the cold air, the cold air is added to the east of China, and it can also cause great wind and cool down in East China. When this cold tide invade the eastern waters of China, it can be West and west of China. In the cold tide, the sea air heat flux is 1-6 times more than that of the year and the momentum flux increases 1-5 times, and the momentum of the Zhongxi road is 1-4 times more than that of the year. The flux increases 1-5 times. (3) the numerical simulation of the cold wave and the westward cold wave in the typical North Road is carried out. Due to the difference between the cold air intensity and the influence path of the cold tide, the difference of the response characteristics of the heat and momentum flux of the sea air is obvious: in the cold wave in the northward Road, the cold front is intruded in the Yellow Sea and the East is stronger than the west, resulting in the heat and movement in the east of the sea area. Because of the large cold air intensity in the northward Road, the response of the heat and momentum flux is stronger. The cold air latitudes are low and the cold air moves eastward from west to the East during the cold wave process in the West. The cold front is invading the Yellow Sea and the south is stronger than the North, and the corresponding sea surface heat and momentum flux forms a large value area in the yellow and Hainan region. The response of heat and momentum flux is weaker than the cold wave in the northward road. The momentum flux of the westward path cold wave is about 1/4 weaker than the North path, while the heat flux is about 1/2. (4). The numerical simulation results of FVCOM-SWAVE coupling in different wave conditions and the numerical simulation results of the FVCOM control experiment are compared, and the wind and wave elements are further discussed on the air and sea heat and momentum flux. The results show that the wind wave makes the sea surface roughness increase and the sea water mixture increases, which causes the cold wave in the north road or the cold wave in the westward road. The wind and wave effect increases the heat of the sea air, the exchange of momentum flux, and the result is closer to the actual condition. When the wind and wave increase to 1.5 times, the maximum momentum flux increases about 60%, the heat flux is about 60%. The increase of 10-160 W/m2, and the weakening of wind and waves will weaken the exchange and transfer of the air and sea air and momentum flux. When the wind and wave weaken 0.5 times, the maximum momentum flux decreases by about 20% and the heat flux decreases about 10-55 W/m2. The wind wave effect on the heat flux transmission is relative to the same change amount, and the flux increment is significant when the wind and wave increase. The effect of wind and wave on the heat and momentum flux is also different in different regions of the Yellow Sea. The latitude of the three key latitudes shows that the momentum flux increases at 12.5%-18%, the heat flux increases at 5%-10%, and the momentum flux of the cold wave in the west road is 2.6%-3% and heat flux. The increase in 3%-16%.
【学位授予单位】：南京信息工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P425.54;P732.6
，

本文编号：2109842