海洋藻类灾害遥感探测及海洋初级生产力反演
发布时间：2018-07-13 17:43
【摘要】：绿潮、赤潮灾害不仅有自然灾害属性,又具有显著的人类活动影响特征,作为海洋生态环境的指示器,它们影响水产养殖业和滨海旅游业,直接危害人类的健康。赤潮、绿潮是危机海洋经济环境生态安全的最大不确定因素,也是我国海洋生态文明建设的最大障碍。绿潮作为一种较大的海洋环境灾害,其种类呈现出多样化,2013年6月南黄海海域发现大面积棕褐色马尾藻与浒苔共生,此外绿潮、赤潮灾害在同一时间段暴发的现象也时有发生。本文针对以上科学问题,基于MODIS遥感影像,开展了区分绿潮和赤潮、区分绿潮中浒苔与马尾藻藻种的识别方法,同时为了客观评价藻类灾害的影响本文还进行了藻类灾害初级生产力的反演,主要内容和结论如下:1.区分浒苔和马尾藻的研究基于实测和影像上浒苔和马尾藻的光谱特征曲线,提出了区分浒苔和马尾藻的指数算法(USI)及马尾藻指数算法(SI),通过阈值设定实现大型藻类灾害事件中浒苔和马尾藻两种藻类的区分。本文使用2013年6月20日MODIS 1B数据,设定USI算法的阈值为[0.251734,0.353013]和SI算法的阈值0.640227,成功地实现了南黄海海域爆发的大型藻类灾害事件中浒苔和马尾藻两种主要藻类的区分,所得到的马尾藻主要集中分布在青岛附近海域,总量约占藻类总量的3.7%,分类结果与实际情况比较一致。2.区分绿潮和赤潮的研究绿潮是大型漂浮藻类而赤潮是微型藻类,两者的光谱特征曲线相差较大,根据这些明显的特征差异提出了区分两者的相应算法判别绿潮和赤潮。绿潮藻体与赤潮藻体在859 nm波段遥感反射率的差异区分绿潮灾害和赤潮灾害,同时通过Rrs(555)/Rrs(488)判别东海原甲藻与海水,由Rrs(678)/Rrs(667)区分二类水体和东海原甲藻水体。3.绿潮、赤潮海洋初级生产力的估算在进行藻类海洋初级生产力(Ocean Primary Production,OPP)的估算时,利用VGPM模型反演绿潮暴发时海洋初级生产力的空间分布情况,并且着重分析了海洋初级生产力与海表面温度(Sea Surface Temperature,SST)、叶绿素浓度(CHLA)之间的相关关系。在利用VGPM模型反演了2009年7月15日绿潮暴发时黄海海洋初级生产力得到其空间分布情况,并且着重分析了海洋初级生产力与海表面温度、叶绿素浓度之间的相关关系。研究发现绿潮区域的海洋初级生产力高于非绿潮区域,其中绿潮区域的海洋初级生产力在2600mg C·m~(-2)·d~(-1)至3200 mgC·m~(-2)·d~(-1)之间,非绿潮的海洋初级生产力在1600 mgC·m~(-2)·d~(-1)至1900 mgC·m~(-2)·d~(-1)范围内。同时绿潮区域的叶绿素浓度明显高于非绿潮区域的叶绿素浓度,但海表面温度比非绿潮区域低一些。
[Abstract]:Green tide, red tide disaster not only has the nature of natural disaster, but also has the remarkable human activity influence characteristic. As an indicator of marine ecological environment, they affect aquaculture and coastal tourism, and directly endanger human health. Red tide and green tide are the biggest uncertain factors in the ecological security of marine economic environment and the biggest obstacle to the construction of marine ecological civilization in China. As a large marine environmental disaster, the species of green tide is diversified. In June 2013, a large area of brown sargassum and enteromorpha were found in the South Huang Hai sea area. In addition, the occurrence of green tide and red tide disaster also occurred in the same time period. In view of the above scientific problems, based on MODIS remote sensing images, a method of distinguishing green tide from red tide and distinguishing algae species of Enteromorpha margin and Sargassum alga in green tide has been developed in this paper. At the same time, in order to evaluate the effect of algae disaster objectively, the paper also carries out the inversion of the primary productivity of algae disaster. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: 1. The study of distinguishing Enteromorpha from Sargassum was based on the spectral characteristic curves of Enteromorpha and Sargassum. An exponential algorithm (USI) and a Sargassum index algorithm (SI) are proposed to distinguish Enteromorpha from Sargassum. In this paper, using MODIS 1B data of June 20, 2013, we set the threshold of USI algorithm to [0.251734-0.353013] and the threshold value of SI algorithm to 0.640227. we have successfully distinguished the two main algae of Enteromorpha enteromorpha and Sargassum in the outbreak of large-scale algal disaster in the South Huang Hai sea area. The sargassum is mainly distributed in the sea area near Qingdao, the total amount is about 3.7% of the total algae, and the classification result is consistent with the actual situation. Study on distinguishing green tide from red tide the green tide is a large floating algae and the red tide is a micro-algae, their spectral characteristic curves are different greatly. According to these obvious characteristic differences, a corresponding algorithm to distinguish the green tide from the red tide is put forward. The difference of remote sensing reflectance between green tide alga and red tide alga at 859 nm band distinguishes between green tide disaster and red tide disaster. At the same time, RRS (555) / Rrs (488) is used to distinguish Prorocentrum from sea water, and RRS (678) / RRS (667) is used to distinguish the second class water body from the Prorocentrum water body in the East China Sea. Estimation of marine primary productivity of green tide and red tide the spatial distribution of marine primary productivity during the outbreak of green tide was inversed by using VGPM model in the estimation of marine primary production (OPP) of algae. The relationship between marine primary productivity and sea surface temperature (SST), chlorophyll concentration (CHLA) was analyzed. The spatial distribution of Huang Hai marine primary productivity during the green tide outbreak on July 15, 2009 was inversed by using the VGPM model, and the correlation between marine primary productivity and sea surface temperature and chlorophyll concentration was analyzed. It is found that the marine primary productivity in the green tide region is higher than that in the non-green tide region. The marine primary productivity in the green tide region ranges from 2600mg cm ~ (-2) d ~ (-1) to 3200 mg C m ~ (-2) d-1, and between 1600 mg C m ~ (-2) d ~ (-1) to 1900 mg C m ~ (-2) d ~ (-1). At the same time, the chlorophyll concentration in the green tide region is obviously higher than that in the non-green tide area, but the sea surface temperature is lower than that in the non-green tide area.
【学位授予单位】：上海海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：X55;X87
本文编号：2120216
[Abstract]:Green tide, red tide disaster not only has the nature of natural disaster, but also has the remarkable human activity influence characteristic. As an indicator of marine ecological environment, they affect aquaculture and coastal tourism, and directly endanger human health. Red tide and green tide are the biggest uncertain factors in the ecological security of marine economic environment and the biggest obstacle to the construction of marine ecological civilization in China. As a large marine environmental disaster, the species of green tide is diversified. In June 2013, a large area of brown sargassum and enteromorpha were found in the South Huang Hai sea area. In addition, the occurrence of green tide and red tide disaster also occurred in the same time period. In view of the above scientific problems, based on MODIS remote sensing images, a method of distinguishing green tide from red tide and distinguishing algae species of Enteromorpha margin and Sargassum alga in green tide has been developed in this paper. At the same time, in order to evaluate the effect of algae disaster objectively, the paper also carries out the inversion of the primary productivity of algae disaster. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: 1. The study of distinguishing Enteromorpha from Sargassum was based on the spectral characteristic curves of Enteromorpha and Sargassum. An exponential algorithm (USI) and a Sargassum index algorithm (SI) are proposed to distinguish Enteromorpha from Sargassum. In this paper, using MODIS 1B data of June 20, 2013, we set the threshold of USI algorithm to [0.251734-0.353013] and the threshold value of SI algorithm to 0.640227. we have successfully distinguished the two main algae of Enteromorpha enteromorpha and Sargassum in the outbreak of large-scale algal disaster in the South Huang Hai sea area. The sargassum is mainly distributed in the sea area near Qingdao, the total amount is about 3.7% of the total algae, and the classification result is consistent with the actual situation. Study on distinguishing green tide from red tide the green tide is a large floating algae and the red tide is a micro-algae, their spectral characteristic curves are different greatly. According to these obvious characteristic differences, a corresponding algorithm to distinguish the green tide from the red tide is put forward. The difference of remote sensing reflectance between green tide alga and red tide alga at 859 nm band distinguishes between green tide disaster and red tide disaster. At the same time, RRS (555) / Rrs (488) is used to distinguish Prorocentrum from sea water, and RRS (678) / RRS (667) is used to distinguish the second class water body from the Prorocentrum water body in the East China Sea. Estimation of marine primary productivity of green tide and red tide the spatial distribution of marine primary productivity during the outbreak of green tide was inversed by using VGPM model in the estimation of marine primary production (OPP) of algae. The relationship between marine primary productivity and sea surface temperature (SST), chlorophyll concentration (CHLA) was analyzed. The spatial distribution of Huang Hai marine primary productivity during the green tide outbreak on July 15, 2009 was inversed by using the VGPM model, and the correlation between marine primary productivity and sea surface temperature and chlorophyll concentration was analyzed. It is found that the marine primary productivity in the green tide region is higher than that in the non-green tide region. The marine primary productivity in the green tide region ranges from 2600mg cm ~ (-2) d ~ (-1) to 3200 mg C m ~ (-2) d-1, and between 1600 mg C m ~ (-2) d ~ (-1) to 1900 mg C m ~ (-2) d ~ (-1). At the same time, the chlorophyll concentration in the green tide region is obviously higher than that in the non-green tide area, but the sea surface temperature is lower than that in the non-green tide area.
【学位授予单位】：上海海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：X55;X87
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