威海南部近岸海域表层海水化学要素时空变化及富营养化研究

发布时间：2018-08-05 15:51

【摘要】：为了客观评价威海南部近岸海域海水化学要素时空分布及富营养化状况,分别于2013年春季、夏季及秋季3个航次进行表层海水水质调查.样品分析表明:调查海域表层海水水质符合二类水质标准,其中DO含量为6.040~7.880 mg/dm~3,DIN含量为0.156~0.252 mg/dm~3,DIP含量为0.006~0.018 mg/dm~3,COD含量为0.670~1.730 mg/dm~3.DO呈现从海岸线向外海逐渐升高的趋势,DIN、DIP及COD均呈现从海岸线向外海逐渐降低的趋势.营养盐的时空变化趋势受外源污染物的输入、养殖生物的排泄输入、浮游植物及大型海藻生长的共同影响.N/P分析表明春季变化最大,夏季次之,秋季变化幅度最小,3个季节中均为磷限制,可以通过控制磷酸盐的输入控制浮游植物的生长,从而避免赤潮的发生.富营养化状态指数分析表明调查海域的富营养化状态指数从海岸向外海逐渐降低,其中2号站(靖海湾湾口)、11号站(乳山湾湾口)及12号站(乳山湾湾口)受外源污染物的影响较大,呈现富营养化.调查表明3个季节的富营养化状态指数逐渐升高,与外源污染物的输入加大及养殖活动的逐渐频繁密切相关.
[Abstract]:In order to objectively evaluate the spatial and temporal distribution of chemical elements and eutrophication of seawater in the coastal waters of southern Weihai, the surface sea water quality was investigated in spring, summer and autumn, respectively. The analysis of the samples shows that the quality of the surface seawater in the investigation area is in accordance with the second class water quality standard. The content of do is 6.040 ~ 7.880 mg / d ~ (-3) DIN = 0.156 ~ 0.252 mg / d ~ (-3) DIP = 0.006 ~ 0. 018 mg / d ~ (3) ~ (-1) mg/dm~3.DO, showing a trend of increasing from shoreline to sea, DINDIP and COD are decreasing gradually from shoreline to open sea. The temporal and spatial changes of nutrients were influenced by the input of exogenous pollutants, the excretion of aquaculture organisms, and the growth of phytoplankton and macroalgae. The results of .N / P analysis showed that the changes in spring were the greatest, followed by those in summer. The autumn variation was the smallest, which was limited by phosphorus in the three seasons. The phytoplankton growth could be controlled by controlling the phosphate input to avoid the occurrence of red tide. The analysis of eutrophication state index shows that the eutrophication state index of the investigated sea area decreases gradually from the coast to the outer sea. Stations 2 (Jinghai Bay mouth), 11 (Rushan Bay mouth) and 12 (Rushan Bay mouth) were affected by exogenous pollutants and showed eutrophication. The results showed that the eutrophication state index of the three seasons was gradually increased, which was closely related to the increase of exogenous pollutants and the increasing frequency of aquaculture activities.
【作者单位】：国家海洋局文登海洋环境监测站;中国海洋大学海洋生命学院;
【基金】：威海市科技发展计划资助项目(2011-2-08)
【分类号】：X55;P734

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