开阔海域越洋海啸波高计算的一种简化方法

发布时间：2018-08-07 20:10

【摘要】：该文研究了开阔海域中越洋海啸波高的简化计算方法。基于选取具有一系列断裂带长宽比的震源参数,采用Okada弹性变形理论生成初始海底变形,运用基于有限体积法的非线性浅水方程数值模型,模拟地震激发海啸在4 000 m水深的平底地形上的传播过程。通过监测布置在相对震源中心不同距离及方位角上测点的波面时间序列,研究海啸波高在不同距离及方位角上的分布规律,给出不同断裂带长宽比下越洋海啸传播过程中首波幅值的分布关系式;进一步分析了断裂带长宽比对模型参数的影响,得出了归一化的越洋海啸波高计算经验公式,并与日本2011年海啸实际记录进行对比,验证了该近似方法的有效性。
[Abstract]:In this paper, a simplified method for calculating the tsunami wave height across the ocean in open sea area is studied. Based on the selection of focal parameters with a series of ratio of length to width of fault zone, the Okada elastic deformation theory is used to generate the initial seabed deformation, and the nonlinear shallow water equation numerical model based on finite volume method is used. Simulation of earthquake induced tsunami propagation on a 4 000 m depth flat bottom terrain. The distribution of tsunami wave height at different distances and azimuth angles is studied by monitoring the time series of the measured points at different distances and azimuth angles. The distribution formula of the first wave amplitude in the process of transoceanic tsunami propagation under different ratio of length to width of different fault zones is given, and the influence of the ratio of length to width of fault zone on the model parameters is further analyzed, and the normalized empirical formula for calculating the height of tsunami wave across the ocean is obtained. The validity of the proposed method is verified by comparison with the actual tsunami records in Japan in 2011.
【作者单位】：上海交通大学船舶海洋与建筑工程学院;上海交通大学水动力学教育部重点实验室;国家海洋局环境预报中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(11632012,51379123) 国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1401500) 上海市科学技术委员会科研计划(14DZ1205203)~~
【分类号】：P731.25

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