多年围填海工程对湛江湾水动力环境的影响

发布时间：2018-08-22 09:46

【摘要】：湛江湾为一半封闭海湾,从2003年开始湛江湾进行了多次围垦造地工程,水域面积已减小3.2%,围填海工程必将造成湛江湾水动力环境的变化。采用平面二维水质数学模型,在对潮位、潮流实测数据验证的基础上,对湛江湾不同年份围填海工程实施后的潮流动力变化进行模拟,对比了湾内流态分布和特征点流速变化,计算了海湾纳潮量的变化,分析了围填海对于湾内水交换能力的整体及局部影响。模拟结果表明,围填海工程对湾内流场的影响仅限工程附近水域,对湛江湾主航道流速影响较小;纳潮量随湾内水域面积的减小而减小,2015年湛江湾纳潮量与2003年相比总体减小3.4%。对于深水区围填尤其是伸入到主流区的围填海工程,由其引起的水动力环境改变和纳潮量变化都比较大,应引起足够重视;湛江湾多年围填海对于工程附近局部水域的水交换能力的影响显著,其中宝满港区由于位于深水区且伸入到主流区,导致水交换率变幅较大,在远期岸线规划应结合污染物治理方案进行。
[Abstract]:Zhanjiang Bay is half of the enclosed bay. Since 2003, Zhanjiang Bay has carried out many reclamation projects, and the water area has been reduced to 3.2. The reclamation project will inevitably cause the change of hydrodynamic environment in Zhanjiang Bay. Based on the validation of tidal level and tidal current measured data, the dynamic changes of tidal current in Zhanjiang Bay are simulated after the implementation of reclamation project in different years, and the distribution of flow pattern and the change of flow velocity at characteristic points in the Bay are compared by using a two-dimensional water quality mathematical model. The variation of tidal capacity in the bay is calculated and the global and local effects of reclamation on the water exchange capacity in the bay are analyzed. The simulation results show that the effect of reclamations on the flow field in the bay is limited to the waters near the project and has little effect on the velocity of the main channel in Zhanjiang Bay, and the tidal absorption decreases with the decrease of the area of the water in the bay, and the tidal absorption in Zhanjiang Bay in 2015 is 3.4 percent less than that in 2003. For the deep water reclamation, especially the reclamation project which extends into the mainstream area, the hydrodynamic environment change and the tidal capacity change are relatively large, which should be paid enough attention to. Many years of reclamation in Zhanjiang Bay have a significant impact on the water exchange capacity of the local waters near the project. The Baoman Port area is located in the deep water area and extends into the mainstream area, resulting in a large change in the water exchange rate. In the long-term shoreline planning should be combined with pollutant treatment program.
【作者单位】：河海大学港口海岸与近海工程学院;南京水利科学研究院;
【基金】：南京水利科学研究院基金资助项目(Y214001)
【分类号】：P731.2;P75

【参考文献】