2016年全球地震海啸监测预警与数值模拟研究

发布时间：2018-08-26 12:49

【摘要】：回顾了国家海洋环境预报中心(国家海洋局海啸预警中心)2016年全球地震海啸监测预警的总体状况,并基于震源生成模型和海啸传播数值模型的计算结果详细介绍了几次主要海啸事件及其影响特性。2016年全年国家海洋环境预报中心总共对全球6.5级(中国近海5.5级)以上海底地震响应了45次,发布海啸信息81期,没有发生对我国有明显影响的海啸。结合精细化的数值模拟结果和浮标监测数据,重点介绍了苏门达腊7.8级地震海啸、厄瓜多尔7.8级地震海啸、新西兰7.1级和7.8级地震海啸,以及所罗门7.8级地震海啸的波动特征和传播规律,模拟结果与实测海啸波符合较好。针对厄瓜多尔7.8级地震海啸事件,本文比较分析了均匀断层模型和多源有限断层模型对模拟结果的影响;针对新西兰7.1级地震海啸,探讨了色散效应对海啸波在大水深、远距离传播过程的影响规律。
[Abstract]:Recalling the overall status of the global earthquake and tsunami monitoring and early warning in 2016 by the National Marine Environment Prediction Centre (SOA Tsunami early warning Centre), Based on the results of the source generation model and the numerical model of tsunami propagation, several major tsunami events and their impact characteristics are introduced in detail. Response to more than 45 undersea earthquakes, Released tsunami information 81, there is no significant impact on the tsunami in China. Combined with fine numerical simulation results and buoy monitoring data, the tsunami of Sumatra 7.8 earthquake, Ecuador 7.8 earthquake tsunami, New Zealand magnitude 7.1 and 7.8 magnitude earthquake tsunami are introduced. As well as the wave characteristics and propagation law of the M = 7.8 earthquake and tsunami, the simulation results are in good agreement with the measured tsunami waves. In this paper, the influence of uniform fault model and multi-source finite fault model on the simulation results is compared and analyzed in view of the earthquake tsunami event of magnitude 7.8 in Ecuador, and the dispersion effect on the tsunami wave in large water depth is discussed for the earthquake tsunami of magnitude 7.1 in New Zealand. The influence law of the long distance propagation process.
【作者单位】：国家海洋环境预报中心;国家海洋局海啸预警中心;国家海洋局海洋灾害预报技术研究重点实验室;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1401500) 国家海洋公益性行业科研专项项目(201405026) 海洋工程国家重点实验室开放课题(1604) 留学人员科技活动项目择优资助~~
【分类号】：P731.25;P738.4

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