厦门春季海雾宏微观结构观测分析
发布时间：2018-09-05 13:31
【摘要】：利用2013年3月23日-4月22日在福建省厦门市外场观测得到海雾过程的能见度、雾滴谱、自动气象站资料及常规气象资料和NCEP全球分析资料。主要分析了8次海雾发生期间天气形势和气象要素对海雾生消的影响；探讨了海雾过程的微观结构特征；研究了海雾微物理过程(核化、凝结和碰并等)的变化特征,并给出了主要特征量的相关性。得到以下主要结论：(1)有利厦门春季海雾形成的天气形势主要为三类：冷锋型、低压倒槽型、高压入海型。主要天气型为冷锋型,持续时间最长、最低能见度较低。(2)海雾期间,西南风频率的显著增加对海雾的形成有重要作用,低层西南暖湿气流平流至沿岸冷海面,为海雾的发展提供了充足的水汽条件。出现海雾时,气温明显下降,厦门海雾对应区域存在0-1℃气海温差。(3)海雾过程中多有逆温层或等温层存在,稳定的大气层结阻挡水汽向高空扩散,有助于低层水汽的聚集,对海雾的发生和维持有重要作用。(4)对比其他地区海雾,2013年厦门春季海雾的雾滴数浓度较大,液态水含量较小。液态水含量偏小的原因：首先,由于观测点设在海岛沿岸,海上平移的雾会受到海陆不同下垫面和周围环境的影响,可能夹卷未饱和空气团,雾滴蒸发,液态水含量减小；海雾过程中浓雾阶段持续时间较短,雾滴半径小,液态水含量偏小；此外,受仪器量程(1μmr25μm)限制,半径大于25μm的雾滴无法探测。(5)对海雾过程中主要的微物理量(雾滴数浓度、液态水含量、平均半径)相关性分析表明,三者均为正相关,且自动转化阈值只有在浓雾阶段较大,主导的微物理过程为凝结增长伴随着持续不断的核化过程和可逆的蒸发过程。海雾平均雾滴谱拟合符合Junge分布,呈单调递减,雾滴主要集中在直径2-7μm区段。
[Abstract]:From March 23 to April 22, 2013, the visibility, droplet spectrum, automatic weather station data, conventional meteorological data and NCEP global analysis data of sea fog process were obtained from the field observation in Xiamen, Fujian Province. This paper mainly analyzes the influence of weather situation and meteorological elements on the occurrence and elimination of sea fog during 8 sea fog occurrences, probes into the microstructural characteristics of sea fog process, and studies the variation characteristics of sea fog microphysical process (nucleation, condensation and collision etc.) The correlation of main characteristic quantities is given. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the weather conditions favorable to the formation of sea fog in Xiamen in spring are mainly divided into three categories: cold front type, low pressure inverted trough type, high pressure entering sea type. The main weather pattern is cold front type, the longest duration and the lowest visibility. (2) during the fog period, the significant increase of southwest wind frequency plays an important role in the formation of sea fog. It provides sufficient water vapor conditions for the development of sea fog. When the sea fog appears, the temperature drops obviously, and there exists 0-1 鈩，
本文编号：2224418
[Abstract]:From March 23 to April 22, 2013, the visibility, droplet spectrum, automatic weather station data, conventional meteorological data and NCEP global analysis data of sea fog process were obtained from the field observation in Xiamen, Fujian Province. This paper mainly analyzes the influence of weather situation and meteorological elements on the occurrence and elimination of sea fog during 8 sea fog occurrences, probes into the microstructural characteristics of sea fog process, and studies the variation characteristics of sea fog microphysical process (nucleation, condensation and collision etc.) The correlation of main characteristic quantities is given. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the weather conditions favorable to the formation of sea fog in Xiamen in spring are mainly divided into three categories: cold front type, low pressure inverted trough type, high pressure entering sea type. The main weather pattern is cold front type, the longest duration and the lowest visibility. (2) during the fog period, the significant increase of southwest wind frequency plays an important role in the formation of sea fog. It provides sufficient water vapor conditions for the development of sea fog. When the sea fog appears, the temperature drops obviously, and there exists 0-1 鈩，
本文编号：2224418
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