华南夏季降水的变化特征及其与热带太平洋海温异常的关系

发布时间：2018-09-14 12:13

【摘要】：根据1958—2008年华南48站降水资料、NOAA全球逐月海温格点资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,采用EOF分解、相关、合成等统计方法,分析了华南夏季降水的变化特征及其与冬季热带太平洋海温的关系。结果表明,华南夏季降水变化特征主要表现为,空间分布以全区一致型为主,其次是南北反相对称型和东西反相对称型,且这3种分布模态都表现出显著的年际和年代际特征。全区一致型降水异常与热带太平洋海温显著相关,二者的相关性也具有年代际变化特征,其对应的热带太平洋海温具有沿赤道太平洋呈"负-正-负"的纬向分布型,类似于中部型El Nino。全区降水偏多时期,西南季风偏强,西太平洋副热带高压偏强、脊点位置偏西,南亚高压偏强、脊点位置偏东,总体的环流形势有利干华南地区的水汽输送和上升运动,降水偏少时期,情况相反。
[Abstract]:According to the precipitation data of 48 stations in South China from 1958 to 2008, the global monthly data of NCEP / NCAR reanalysis was used, and the statistical methods such as EOF decomposition, correlation and synthesis were used. The variation characteristics of summer precipitation in South China and its relationship with the winter tropical Pacific SST are analyzed. The results show that the main characteristics of summer precipitation in South China are that the spatial distribution is the same type in the whole area, and then is the inverse symmetry type in the north and the south, and the east and west phase is the opposite symmetry type, and the three distribution modes all show remarkable interannual and Interdecadal characteristics. The consistent precipitation anomaly in the whole region is significantly correlated with the tropical Pacific SST, and the correlation between them is also characterized by decadal variation. The corresponding tropical Pacific SST has a "negative-positive-negative" zonal distribution pattern along the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Similar to middle type El Nino. In the period of more precipitation in the whole region, the southwest monsoon is stronger, the western Pacific subtropical high is stronger, the ridge is located westward, the South Asia high is stronger and the ridge is eastward. The general circulation situation is favorable to the water vapor transport and rising movement in South China. When precipitation is on the low side, the situation is opposite.
【作者单位】：解放军理工大学气象海洋学院;中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学与地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室;南京信息工程大学;
【基金】：国家重点基础研究发展计划973项目(2013CB956203) 国家自然科学基金(41375063)
【分类号】：P426.6;P731.11

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