北部湾北部浮游生物生态学研究
发布时间：2018-10-05 06:27
【摘要】：本文以“我国近海海洋综合调查与评价专项(908-01-ST09)”2006～2007年北部湾四个季节的调查数据为基础,开展了北部湾北部浮游生物生态学方面的研究。着重分析了北部湾北部浮游生物的种类组成、数量分布、优势种类、群落多样性和异质性,及影响浮游生物时空变化的环境因素,探讨了影响浮游生物群落变动的环境调控机制,其主要研究结果如下： 1.北部湾北部浮游植物生态学研究 (1)北部湾北部浮游植物共计273种(含变种和变型),隶属5门79属。硅藻门和甲藻门为最优类群。广布性类群和亚热带近岸类群在调查区占据主导优势。营养盐是影响浮游植物种类组成的主要因素。 (2)北部湾北部浮游植物细胞丰度年均值(2207.3±6124.9)×104cells/m3,叶绿素a浓度年均值1.9±1.3mg/m3,叶绿素a浓度的变化趋势与浮游植物总细胞丰度并不一致。盐度和营养盐是影响浮游植物丰度分布的主要因素。 (3)四个季节均出现的优势种为菱形海线藻(Thalassionema nitzschioides)。骨条藻(Skeletonema sp.)和棕囊藻(Phaeocystis sp.)分别在夏、秋两季于广西近岸大量繁殖,具有暴发赤潮的潜在可能。硅酸盐是影响骨条藻生长的限制因素,而磷酸盐是影响棕囊藻繁殖的主要因素。优势种类演替具有明显的季节性。 (4)根据聚类和排序结果,可将北部湾北部浮游植物划分为三个群落：广西近岸群落(JA)、广西远岸群落(YA)和琼州海峡入湾口群落(QZ)。营养盐分布和浮游植物群落结构受沿岸径流、粤西沿岸流和南海次表层水三支水系的推移和消长影响。 2.北部湾北部浮游动物生态学研究 (1)北部湾北部浮游动物共计464种(类)[含浮游幼虫(体)],隶属于7个门19个类群。水螅水母类和桡足类是优势类群。广温广盐类群和近岸低盐类群在该海域占据主导地位,与少数的河口类群及大洋类群形成北部湾北部特有的浮游动物群落组成结构。地形特征、海流与水团的消长及浮游植物的生长与繁殖是影响浮游动物群落组成和水平分布推移的重要因素。 (2)北部湾北部浮游动物丰度年均值(183.5±142.9) ind/m3,生物量年均值(139.5±116.8)mg/m3。平面分布上,春、秋两季丰度分布呈远岸高近岸低的趋势,夏、冬两季则在近岸海域形成高丰度区。生物量的平面分布趋势与丰度的分布趋势基本一致。水深、温度及叶绿素a浓度是影响丰度分布的主要因素。 (3)肥胖软箭虫(Flaccisagitta enflata)、亚强次真哲水蚤(Subeucalanus subcrassus)、长尾类幼体(Macrura larvae)和蛇尾类长腕幼虫(Ophiopluteus larvae)在北部湾北部的优势性显著,优势种类演替具有明显的季节性。优势种类对于环境的适应能力较强。 (4)根据聚类和排序结果,可将北部湾北部浮游动物划分为三个群落：广西近岸群落(JA)、广西远岸群落(YA)和雷州半岛西沿岸群落(QZ)。这三个群落与沿岸径流、粤西沿岸流和南海次表层水的推移和消长密切相关。群落多样性、优势种类及指示种随季节变化而呈现差异性。 3.营养盐-浮游植物-浮游动物的耦合关系 (1)骨条藻藻华区具有营养盐丰富,浮游植物种类数少、丰度高,浮游动物丰度较高的特点。临界区骨条藻藻华消亡,优势种转变为菱形海线藻。硅酸盐对骨条藻具有限制作用,亨生莹虾的高值区与骨条藻藻华区具有一定程度的重叠。 (2)棕囊藻藻华区为浮游动物生物量的低值区,藻华区内氮盐和磷酸盐的浓度低于浮游植物生长阈值。棕囊藻对营养盐的吸收率大小顺序为磷酸盐氮盐硅酸盐,磷酸盐是本调查区棕囊藻生长繁殖的主要限制因素。
[Abstract]:Based on the survey data of the four seasons in the Beibu Gulf from 2006 to 2007, the study on plankton ecology in northern Beibu Gulf was carried out. The species composition, quantity distribution, dominant species, community diversity and heterogeneity of plankton in northern Beibu Gulf were emphatically analyzed, and environmental factors affecting the temporal and spatial variation of plankton were analyzed. 1. Phytoplankton ecology in northern Beibu Gulf Studies (1) A total of 273 species of phytoplankton in northern Beibu Gulf (including varieties and variations), belonging to Five doors: 79 genera. Salmon and Methoflagellate For the optimal group, the distribution group and the subtropical nearshore group accounted for the survey area. According to the dominant position, the nutrient salt is the composition of phytoplankton. Main factors of phytoplankton cell abundance in northern Beibu Gulf (2207. 3, 6124. 9) were 10104cells/ m3, the annual mean value of chlorophyll a was 1. 9, 1. 3 mg/ m 3, the change trend of chlorophyll a concentration and phytoplankton total. Cell abundance is not consistent. salinity and nutrients are affecting phytoplankton The dominant factors of the degree distribution are: (3) The dominant species present in the four seasons are: Thaliassonema nit zschioides (sk) e leonema sp.) and brown capsule (Ph a In summer and autumn, eocystis sp. is widely propagated in the nearshore of Guangxi. The potential for an outbreak of red tide. The silicate is a limiting factor that affects the growth of algal blooms, and phosphates are shadows. The main factors affecting the reproduction of the brown algae. The dominant species The species of phytoplankton in northern Beibu Gulf can be divided into three communities according to the polytypes and sequencing results. The distribution of nutrients and the structure of phytoplankton community are governed by coastal runoff, west Guangdong coastal flow and South China Sea subregion. The passage and decline of the three water systems in the layer water. 2. Zooplankton ecology in northern Beibu Gulf (1) A total of 464 species of zooplankton in northern Beibu Gulf[including floating larva (body), belonging to 7 doors There are 19 groups in which the dominant group, the broad-temperature broad-salt group and the near-shore low-salt group dominate the sea area, and a few estuarine groups and oceanic groups. The composition structure of zooplankton community is formed in northern Beibu Gulf. The topographic features, the fluctuation of current and water mass, and the growth and reproduction of phytoplankton are the main factors. The annual mean value of zooplankton abundance in northern Beibu Gulf (183. 5, 142. 9) ind/ m3, born The annual mean (139. 5, 116. 8) mg/ m 3. The distribution of water abundance in the spring and autumn was close to the shore in spring and autumn. The trend of low shore, summer and winter, the high abundance area is formed in the near-shore sea area. The distribution trend of biomass is consistent with the distribution trend of abundance. Depth, temperature and chlorophyll a concentration are the main factors affecting abundance distribution. The superiority of the northern Beibu Gulf is remarkable, and the dominant species The species of zooplankton in northern Beibu Gulf can be divided into three communities according to the clustering and sequencing results. (JA), the coastal communities (QZ) of Guangxi and the western coastal communities of Leizhou Peninsula (QZ). On the Transition of Surface Water in the South China Sea and the Subsurface Water in the South China Sea along the Coastal Runoff and the West of Guangdong and the South China Sea Cutting correlation, community diversity, dominant species and indication species over season Difference in Festival Change. 3. Nutrient-Phytoplankton-Coupling Relationship of zooplankton (1) Osteophyta The algae bloom region has rich nutrients, few phytoplankton species and high abundance. The abundance of zooplankton is characterized by high abundance of zooplankton. The high-value region of Henriying shrimp overlaps with the algae-alginate region of the bone, and the high-value region of the Henriying shrimp has a certain degree of overlap. The concentration of nitrogen and phosphate in algae was lower than that of phytoplankton in the low-value region of zooplankton biomass.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：Q178.53
[Abstract]:Based on the survey data of the four seasons in the Beibu Gulf from 2006 to 2007, the study on plankton ecology in northern Beibu Gulf was carried out. The species composition, quantity distribution, dominant species, community diversity and heterogeneity of plankton in northern Beibu Gulf were emphatically analyzed, and environmental factors affecting the temporal and spatial variation of plankton were analyzed. 1. Phytoplankton ecology in northern Beibu Gulf Studies (1) A total of 273 species of phytoplankton in northern Beibu Gulf (including varieties and variations), belonging to Five doors: 79 genera. Salmon and Methoflagellate For the optimal group, the distribution group and the subtropical nearshore group accounted for the survey area. According to the dominant position, the nutrient salt is the composition of phytoplankton. Main factors of phytoplankton cell abundance in northern Beibu Gulf (2207. 3, 6124. 9) were 10104cells/ m3, the annual mean value of chlorophyll a was 1. 9, 1. 3 mg/ m 3, the change trend of chlorophyll a concentration and phytoplankton total. Cell abundance is not consistent. salinity and nutrients are affecting phytoplankton The dominant factors of the degree distribution are: (3) The dominant species present in the four seasons are: Thaliassonema nit zschioides (sk) e leonema sp.) and brown capsule (Ph a In summer and autumn, eocystis sp. is widely propagated in the nearshore of Guangxi. The potential for an outbreak of red tide. The silicate is a limiting factor that affects the growth of algal blooms, and phosphates are shadows. The main factors affecting the reproduction of the brown algae. The dominant species The species of phytoplankton in northern Beibu Gulf can be divided into three communities according to the polytypes and sequencing results. The distribution of nutrients and the structure of phytoplankton community are governed by coastal runoff, west Guangdong coastal flow and South China Sea subregion. The passage and decline of the three water systems in the layer water. 2. Zooplankton ecology in northern Beibu Gulf (1) A total of 464 species of zooplankton in northern Beibu Gulf[including floating larva (body), belonging to 7 doors There are 19 groups in which the dominant group, the broad-temperature broad-salt group and the near-shore low-salt group dominate the sea area, and a few estuarine groups and oceanic groups. The composition structure of zooplankton community is formed in northern Beibu Gulf. The topographic features, the fluctuation of current and water mass, and the growth and reproduction of phytoplankton are the main factors. The annual mean value of zooplankton abundance in northern Beibu Gulf (183. 5, 142. 9) ind/ m3, born The annual mean (139. 5, 116. 8) mg/ m 3. The distribution of water abundance in the spring and autumn was close to the shore in spring and autumn. The trend of low shore, summer and winter, the high abundance area is formed in the near-shore sea area. The distribution trend of biomass is consistent with the distribution trend of abundance. Depth, temperature and chlorophyll a concentration are the main factors affecting abundance distribution. The superiority of the northern Beibu Gulf is remarkable, and the dominant species The species of zooplankton in northern Beibu Gulf can be divided into three communities according to the clustering and sequencing results. (JA), the coastal communities (QZ) of Guangxi and the western coastal communities of Leizhou Peninsula (QZ). On the Transition of Surface Water in the South China Sea and the Subsurface Water in the South China Sea along the Coastal Runoff and the West of Guangdong and the South China Sea Cutting correlation, community diversity, dominant species and indication species over season Difference in Festival Change. 3. Nutrient-Phytoplankton-Coupling Relationship of zooplankton (1) Osteophyta The algae bloom region has rich nutrients, few phytoplankton species and high abundance. The abundance of zooplankton is characterized by high abundance of zooplankton. The high-value region of Henriying shrimp overlaps with the algae-alginate region of the bone, and the high-value region of the Henriying shrimp has a certain degree of overlap. The concentration of nitrogen and phosphate in algae was lower than that of phytoplankton in the low-value region of zooplankton biomass.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：Q178.53
【参考文献】
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1 陆斗定,Jeanette G，
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