对江苏新石器时代海面变化问题的再认识

发布时间：2018-11-02 16:49

【摘要】：了解过去海面变化情况是预测未来的重要基础.从沿海地区考古地层中寻找过去海面变化的证据,将对探讨气候波动与海面变化的关系,及其对聚落形态、文化变迁影响的人地关系提供十分重要的线索.对江苏海安青墩、东台陶庄和开庄、宜兴骆驼墩遗址地层AMS~(14)C测年、GPS-CORS系统高程测量和海相微体古生物鉴定分析发现,青墩遗址距地表389~489 cm(13.1~8.5 cal ka BP,1985黄海高程为-0.65~-1.65 m)、陶庄遗址距地表156~230 cm(12.6~9.2 cal ka BP,1985黄海高程为0.97~0.23 m)、开庄遗址距地表228~390 cm(10.3~7.8 cal ka BP,1985黄海高程为0.03~-1.59 m)、骆驼墩遗址距地表255~279 cm(12.0~9.2 cal ka BP,1985黄海高程为1.08~0.84 m)为显著的海相沉积地层,揭示在苏北海安青墩、东台陶庄和开庄地区全新世初至7.8 cal ka BP为浅海沉积环境,并经历了海退成陆过程;而苏南太湖西部宜兴骆驼墩遗址全新世初至9.2 cal ka BP可能经历过短暂的滨海沉积环境.这为寻找该区新石器早期遗址提供了海拔高程和年代学方面的线索和依据.对苏州澄湖湖底62处古水井和102处灰坑顶底部GPS-CORS系统的测量也发现,崧泽文化、良渚文化、夏商周和战国时期,水井井口和灰坑顶部多在1985黄海高程0~-2 m之间,井底和灰坑底部多在-3 m左右;六朝和宋代水井的井口和灰坑顶部曾低于-1 m,水井井底和灰坑底部曾低于-4 m,表明澄湖是宋代以后才逐渐演变为湖泊的.
[Abstract]:Understanding past sea level changes is an important basis for predicting the future. Finding the evidence of past sea surface changes from archaeological strata in coastal areas will provide a very important clue for the discussion of the relationship between climate fluctuation and sea surface change, as well as for the relationship between man and land affected by settlement form and cultural change. The AMS~ (14) C dating of the Qingdun, Dongtai Taozhuang and Kaizhuang, Yixing Camel Pier site, Jiangsu Province, and the height survey of the GPS-CORS system and the marine micropaleontology identification analysis show that the Qingdun site is 389N489 cm (13.1m8.5 cal ka BP,) from the surface of the earth's surface. 1985 Huang Hai height is -0.65- 1.65 m), Taozhuang site from the surface of 156CU 230 cm (12.69.2 cal ka BP,1985 Huang Hai height 0.970.23 m), Kaizhuang site from the surface of the 2288cm (10.30.78 cal ka BP,) The elevation of 1985 Huang Hai is 0.03 ~ 1.59 m), camel piers, 2555 cm from the surface of Camel Pier (12.0 9. 2 cal ka BP,1985 Huang Hai elevation is 1.088 0. 84 m), which is revealed in the Qingdun Pier in Haian, North Jiangsu Province. From the beginning of Holocene to 7.8 cal ka BP, the Dongtai Taozhuang and Kaizhuang areas are shallow sea sedimentary environment, and have experienced the process of ocean regression and land formation. However, from the beginning of Holocene to 9.2 cal ka BP, Yixing Camel Dun site in the west of Taihu Lake in southern Jiangsu Province may have experienced a brief coastal sedimentary environment. This provides clues and evidences of elevation and geochronology for finding early Neolithic sites in this area. The survey of 62 ancient wells at the bottom of Lake Chenghu in Suzhou and the GPS-CORS system at the bottom of the top of 102 ash pits also shows that Songze culture, Liangzhu culture, Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties and warring States period, the top of wells and ash pits are mostly between 1985 Huang Hai height of 0 ~ 2 m. The bottom of the well and the bottom of the ash pit are about -3 m; The wellhead and ash pit top of wells in the six dynasties and Song dynasties were lower than -1 m, and the bottom and bottom of the wells were lower than -4 m, which indicated that the Chenghu Lake had evolved into a lake after Song Dynasty.
【作者单位】：南京大学地理与海洋科学学院;安徽师范大学国土资源与旅游学院;四川大学历史文化学院;同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室;中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心;江苏省考古研究所;苏州市考古研究所;海安县博物馆;镇江博物馆;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(41171163) 湖泊与环境国家重点实验室开放基金(2012SKL003) 黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLLQG1206) 国家社会科学基金(11&ZD183) 国家科技支撑计划(2013BAK08B02) 国家基础科学人才培养基金(J1103408) 安徽自然灾害过程与防控研究省级实验室基金(AKLNDPP)资助
【分类号】：P731.23

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