规则波和不规则波在刚性植物区波能衰减的试验研究

发布时间：2018-12-12 12:52

【摘要】：为深入了解湿地植物对近岸波浪的耗散作用,通过物理模型方法,对规则波和不规则波越过岸坡前刚性植被水域的波能衰减进行了试验研究。结果表明:当波浪通过植物区时,有效波高在植物区内逐渐衰减,规则波和不规则波波高消减率分别为29.8%和31.4%;在植物分布密度、波浪周期等参数相同的情况下,刚性植物高度为40 cm,有效波高为8、6、4 cm时,不规则波衰减率分别为41.3%、37.3%和31.3%,规则波有效波高衰减率分别为35%、30.8%和26.1%,无论是规则波还是不规则波,可见入射波浪的波高越大,消波作用越明显;刚性植被高度为40、20 cm植物区的波高(6 cm)衰减率分别为32.3%和21.0%,植物高度越大,波能消减作用效果越好,同样的参数条件,波高h=30 cm的波高衰减率为14.6%,h=40 cm的波高衰减率为9.9%,水深为30 cm时的消波作用优于水深为40 cm时的消波作用,随着水深的增加消波效果降低。本研究结果对于湿地刚性植物与波浪间的相互作用研究提供了参考依据。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the dissipative effect of wetland plants on inshore waves, the attenuation of wave energy of regular and irregular waves in the waters of rigid vegetation before the bank slope was studied by physical model method. The results show that the effective wave height gradually attenuates in the plant area when the wave passes through the plant area. The reduction rates of regular wave height and irregular wave height are 29.8% and 31.4% respectively. When the plant density and wave period are the same, the attenuation rates of irregular waves are 41.3% and 31.3%, respectively, when the rigid plant height is 40 cm, and the effective wave height is 84 cm. The attenuation rate of effective wave height of regular wave is 30.8% and 26.1% respectively. Whether regular wave or irregular wave, the higher the wave height of incident wave, the more obvious the effect of wave dissipation. The attenuation rates of wave height (6 cm) in 40 ~ 20 cm vegetation area were 32.3% and 21.0%, respectively. The higher the plant height, the better the effect of wave energy reduction. Under the same parameter condition, the attenuation rate of wave height of 30 cm wave height was 14.6%. The attenuation rate of wave height of 40 cm is 9. 9%, and the wave suppression effect of 30 cm water depth is better than that of 40 cm water depth, and the wave suppression effect decreases with the increase of water depth. The results of this study provide a reference for the study of the interaction between rigid plants and waves in wetland.
【作者单位】：大连海洋大学海洋科技与环境学院;盘锦鸳鸯沟国家级海洋公园管理办公室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51579030) 辽宁省自然科学基金优秀人才培育项目(2014020148) 辽宁省高等学校优秀人才成长计划项目(LJQ2013077) 水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(SKHL1517)
【分类号】：P731.22

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