多浮摆式采能装置的水动力学研究及结构优化

发布时间：2018-12-12 18:41

【摘要】：波浪能是海洋表面波浪所具有的动能和势能，是海洋能源中蕴藏最为丰富的能源之一，世界各国对其投入了广泛关注。在众多的波浪能发电装置中，摆式波浪能发电装置因其结构简单可靠、采能效率高及适用范围广等优点而倍受青睐。本文提出了一种多浮摆式波浪能采能装置，主要对该装置的水动力学特性进行了理论及实验研究，并进行了结构优化。 1、以我国的能源结构及丰富的波浪能资源为研究背景，阐述了课题研究的意义，并从理论分析、模型实验以及原型实海况实验三方面分析了国内外在摆式波浪能发电装置中的研究现状。 2、基于三维势流理论对浮摆进行了水动力学研究，分别得出了多浮摆在频域及时域下的水动力学系数及运动响应方程。 3、结合AQWA软件分别对双、三浮摆进行了水动力学频域计算和时域计算，并与单浮摆进行对比分析，研究表明：多浮摆间的相互作用将产生异于单浮摆的共振峰值；同时，改变浮摆的间距等参数进行计算，以寻找最适宜装置采能的参数，研究表明：当浮摆间的间距在入射波波长一半左右时，装置的采能效率最高；在三浮摆情况下，，中间浮摆的运动响应高于迎浪浮摆和背浪浮摆。 4、根据一定的模型设计准则，设计了多浮摆式采能装置的模型，并将模型放人波浪水槽中进行实验，将多浮摆与单浮摆进行对比，分析了浮摆的采能效率，并与数值计算结果进行对比，验证了数值模拟的正确性。 5、在数值模拟结果的基础上，建立了多浮摆结构优化的目标函数及约束条件，并基于遗传算法对浮摆结构进行优化，得到了浮摆的最终结构参数。结果表明：利用遗传算法对浮摆结构进行优化可以得到理想的设计参数。 6、根据福建沿海海域的波浪特点，对三种安装位置的摆式采能装置：海面之上、海中和海底，采用层次分析法对其进行了全面分析，最终选择了一种较适宜福建沿海海域的摆式装置。
[Abstract]:Wave energy is the kinetic energy and potential energy of ocean surface waves. It is one of the most abundant energy sources in ocean energy. Among the many wave energy generating devices, the tilting wave energy generator is popular for its simple and reliable structure, high efficiency and wide range of application. In this paper, a multi-floating-pendulum wave energy recovery device is proposed. The hydrodynamic characteristics of the device are studied theoretically and experimentally, and the structure is optimized. 1. Based on the research background of energy structure and abundant wave energy resources in China, the significance of the research is expounded, and the theoretical analysis is made. The research status of tilting wave power generation equipment at home and abroad is analyzed in three aspects: model experiment and prototype real sea condition experiment. 2. Hydrodynamics of floating pendulum is studied based on three-dimensional potential flow theory. The hydrodynamic coefficients and motion response equations of multi-floating pendulum in time-domain are obtained. 3. In combination with AQWA software, the hydrodynamic frequency domain and time domain calculation of the double and three floating pendulum are carried out, and compared with the single floating pendulum, the results show that the interaction between the multiple floating pendulum will produce the resonance peak which is different from that of the single floating pendulum; At the same time, the parameters such as the spacing of the floating pendulum are changed to find the most suitable parameters of the device. The results show that: when the spacing between the pendulum is about half of the incident wave length, the energy recovery efficiency of the device is the highest; In the case of three floating pendulum, the motion response of middle floating pendulum is higher than that of facing wave floating pendulum and back wave floating pendulum. 4. According to the certain model design criterion, the model of multi-floating pendulum energy mining device is designed, and the model is put into the wave tank for experiment, the multi-floating pendulum is compared with the single floating pendulum, and the efficiency of the floating pendulum is analyzed. The correctness of the numerical simulation is verified by comparing with the numerical results. 5. On the basis of numerical simulation results, the objective function and constraint conditions of multi-floating pendulum structure optimization are established, and the final structure parameters of floating pendulum are obtained based on genetic algorithm. The results show that the optimal design parameters can be obtained by genetic algorithm. 6. According to the wave characteristics of Fujian coastal waters, three kinds of tilting energy mining devices are analyzed by analytic hierarchy process (AHP), which are above the sea level, middle and bottom of the sea. Finally, a pendulum device suitable for Fujian coastal waters was selected.
【学位授予单位】：集美大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P743.2

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