环渤海典型海湾沉积物重金属环境特征与污染评价

发布时间：2019-03-31 20:38

【摘要】：对渤海典型海湾近年来沉积物重金属数据分析的结果表明,Hg,Cu,Cd质量浓度的平均值均超过中国海域的平均值,其中Hg和Cd超标,高值区主要分布在锦州湾、大连湾附近海域,南堡镇和曹妃甸以南海域以及东营、莱州沿岸海域。地累积指数法的评价结果显示,沉积物重金属Cd污染属于轻度污染,其余重金属未发生污染。渤海典型海湾生态危害风险最大的重金属元素为Cd,Hg次之,其余Pb,Cu,As,Cr,Zn这5种重金属均为低生态危害等级。辽东湾海域重金属生态危害风险的顺序为CdHgPbAsCuZnCr;渤海湾海域重金属生态危害风险的顺序为CdHgPbCuAsCrZn;莱州湾重金属生态危害风险的顺序为CdHgPbAsCuCrZn。目前辽东湾沉积物重金属总潜在生态危害程度相对严重,主要分布在长兴岛、秦皇岛至锦州湾沿岸;莱州湾重金属生态危害程度一般,潍坊沿岸部分地区总潜在生态危害程度相对较高;渤海湾重金属污染生态危害程度相对较轻。
[Abstract]:The results of heavy metal data analysis of sediments in typical gulf of Bohai Sea in recent years show that the average concentration of Hg,Cu,Cd is higher than that of Chinese sea area, in which Hg and Cd exceed the standard, and the high value area is mainly distributed in Jinzhou Bay. Dalian Bay near the waters, Nanbao Town and Caofeidian south of the sea and Dongying, Laizhou coastal waters. The evaluation results of the index showed that the heavy metal Cd pollution in sediment belonged to light pollution, while the other heavy metals did not pollute. Cd,Hg is the second most dangerous heavy metal element in the typical gulf of Bohai Sea, and the other five kinds of heavy metals are low ecological hazard grade. The order of risk of heavy metal ecological hazard in Liaodong Bay is CdHgPbAsCuZnCr;. The sequence of heavy metal ecological hazard risk in Bohai Bay is CdHgPbAsCuCrZn. the sequence of heavy metal ecological hazard risk in Laizhou Bay is CdHgPbAsCuCrZn.. At present, the total potential ecological damage of heavy metals in sediments of Liaodong Bay is relatively serious, mainly distributed along the coast of Changxing Island, Qinhuangdao and Jinzhou Bay. The ecological damage degree of heavy metals in Laizhou Bay is general, the total potential ecological hazard degree is relatively high in some areas along Weifang coast, and the ecological hazard degree of heavy metal pollution in Bohai Bay is relatively light.
【作者单位】：国家海洋信息中心;
【基金】：天津市科技兴海科研项目——天津市海洋灾害风险评估和区划研究(KJXH2013-19)
【分类号】：X55

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