新型浮标减速装置的分析

发布时间：2019-04-30 08:32

【摘要】：随着人类对海洋资源开发逐渐加深,对海洋要素的监测变得尤为重要。通过海洋浮标对海洋要素实施监测,已经被越来越多的国家所认同。海洋浮标对比于其他监测方式的优势在于:它可以对多种海洋要素进行监测,例如风速、流速、波浪周期、温度等。并且它的运行以及维护成本要低于通过船舶、飞机的监测方式。通过多点的投放,海洋浮标可以扩大监测的范围。但由于海洋环境十分复杂,这就不能确保海洋浮标能够持久的、稳定的对特定的海域进行监测,这也局限了海洋浮标的大规模投入使用。本论文在收集当前海洋浮标资料的基础上,通过对比不同种类浮标的优缺点,结合实际需要,提出了一款新型浮标。它不仅可以通过本身所自带的减速装置、控制系统、定位系统和推力系统,使浮标能够更长久在特定的海域内工作。而且通过浮子与减速装置的相对运动,利用发电装置将机械能转化成电能,转化的电能将为监控仪器以及推动设备提供能量。使海洋浮标具有更广阔的应用前景。文章基于线性波理论,对浮标系统在垂直方向上进行力学建模分析。文章以浮子和减速装置的位移差为目标函数,合理选择浮子以及减速装置的几何尺寸,对比弹性连接与无弹性连接条件下浮标系统的运动特性。根据已选定的尺寸,确定计算浮标横向力的方法。介绍Morison公式的标准形式,并进行推导、变形,以适用于笔者所设计的新型浮标工作的条件。通过建立数学模型,对浮标在水平方向上的运动进行分析。对比考虑弹性的膜结构的减速装置、不考虑弹性的膜结构的减速装置以及固定结构的减速装置的减速效果。其中,在分析考虑弹性膜结构的减速装置过程中。运用动力松弛法对膜结构找形分析,通过最小二乘法对找形的精度进行分析。运用有限元分析软件对关于膜结构找形的部分进行验证,通过动力学分析软件ADAMS建立虚拟模型。对浮标进行垂直、水平动力学分析,验证理论分析的结果。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of the exploitation of marine resources, the monitoring of marine elements becomes more and more important. The monitoring of marine elements through ocean buoys has been recognized by more and more countries. The advantage of ocean buoy over other monitoring methods is that it can monitor a variety of ocean elements, such as wind speed, velocity, wave period, temperature, and so on. And its operation and maintenance costs are lower than the way through which ships and aircraft are monitored. Through multi-point delivery, ocean buoys can expand the scope of monitoring. However, due to the complexity of the marine environment, the marine buoys can not be long-term and stable monitoring of specific sea areas, which also limits the large-scale use of marine buoys. This paper presents a new type of buoy by comparing the advantages and disadvantages of different kinds of buoys on the basis of collecting the current data of ocean buoys and combining with the practical needs. It can not only make the buoy work longer in a specific sea area through its own deceleration system, control system, positioning system and thrust system. And through the relative motion of float and deceleration device, the mechanical energy can be converted into electric energy by using power generating device, which will provide energy for monitoring instrument and driving equipment. So that the ocean buoy has a wider application prospect. Based on the linear wave theory, the mechanical modeling of buoy system in vertical direction is carried out in this paper. Taking the displacement difference between float and deceleration device as the objective function, the geometric dimensions of float and deceleration device are reasonably selected, and the motion characteristics of buoy system under the condition of elastic connection and inelastic connection are compared. The method for calculating the lateral force of the buoy is determined based on the selected dimensions. This paper introduces the standard form of Morison formula, and deduces and deforms it in order to apply to the working condition of the new buoy designed by the author. The movement of buoy in horizontal direction is analyzed by establishing mathematical model. The deceleration effect of the membrane structure deceleration device without elastic structure and the fixed structure deceleration device is compared with that of the elastic membrane structure deceleration device. Among them, in the analysis of the elastic film structure of the deceleration device process. The dynamic relaxation method is used to analyze the shape finding of membrane structure, and the accuracy of shape finding is analyzed by least square method. Finite element analysis software was used to verify the shape finding of membrane structure, and a virtual model was established by dynamic analysis software ADAMS. The vertical and horizontal dynamic analysis of the buoy is carried out to verify the results of the theoretical analysis.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P715.2

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