南海季风区冰相相变潜热对中尺度对流云和降水影响作用的数值模拟研究
发布时间：2019-05-27 03:40
【摘要】：利用可分辨云模式及中国南海北部试验区加密探空的平均水平风场、位温场和水汽场模拟分析了1998年5月15日至6月11日中国南海北部地区中尺度对流系统(Mesoscal Convective System,简称MCS)中冰相相变潜热对云和降水、辐射传输以及大尺度环境场的影响作用。研究表明,冰相相变潜热总体上不会引起明显的大气辐射通量的变化,但会引起较明显的下垫面热通量的变化。凝华潜热释放显著地增加了大气稳定度,造成对流和下垫面热通量的减弱,从而导致地面降水减小10.11%。碰冻潜热释放也使得大气稳定度增加,不利于中尺度对流系统对流的发展,区域累积降水量减小2.2%。融化潜热的冷却效应,使得融化层以下的大气降温,从而增加了低层大气的不稳定性,有利于海面热通量的输送,导致MCS降水增加4.1%。因此,冰相相变潜热对降水的影响主要是通过影响大气环境稳定,进而影响洋面感热通量和潜热通量的垂直输送和对流的发展,导致区域降水改变。
[Abstract]:The meso-scale convective system (Mesoscal Convective System, in the northern South China Sea from May 15 to June 11, 1998 is simulated and analyzed by using the distinguishable cloud model and the average horizontal wind field, potential temperature field and water vapor field in the northern part of the South China Sea. The effects of latent heat of ice phase transition on cloud and precipitation, radiation transport and large-scale environmental field in MCS). The results show that the latent heat of ice phase change does not cause obvious change of atmospheric radiation flux, but it will cause obvious change of heat flux of underlying surface. The latent heat release of condensation significantly increases the atmospheric stability, resulting in the weakening of convective and underlying surface heat fluxes, which leads to the decrease of surface precipitation by 10.11%. The latent heat release of freezing also increases the atmospheric stability, which is not conducive to the development of meso-scale convective system, and the regional cumulative precipitation decreases by 2.2%. The cooling effect of melting latent heat lowers the atmosphere below the melting layer, thus increasing the instability of the lower atmosphere, which is beneficial to the transport of sea surface heat flux and leads to an increase of 4.1% in MCS precipitation. Therefore, the influence of ice phase change latent heat on precipitation is mainly due to the change of regional precipitation by affecting the stability of atmospheric environment, and then affecting the vertical transport and convective development of sensible heat flux and latent heat flux on ocean surface.
【作者单位】： 中国科学院大气物理研究所;中国气象科学研究院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目41375005、41005072、40575003~~
【分类号】：P732
本文编号：2485882
[Abstract]:The meso-scale convective system (Mesoscal Convective System, in the northern South China Sea from May 15 to June 11, 1998 is simulated and analyzed by using the distinguishable cloud model and the average horizontal wind field, potential temperature field and water vapor field in the northern part of the South China Sea. The effects of latent heat of ice phase transition on cloud and precipitation, radiation transport and large-scale environmental field in MCS). The results show that the latent heat of ice phase change does not cause obvious change of atmospheric radiation flux, but it will cause obvious change of heat flux of underlying surface. The latent heat release of condensation significantly increases the atmospheric stability, resulting in the weakening of convective and underlying surface heat fluxes, which leads to the decrease of surface precipitation by 10.11%. The latent heat release of freezing also increases the atmospheric stability, which is not conducive to the development of meso-scale convective system, and the regional cumulative precipitation decreases by 2.2%. The cooling effect of melting latent heat lowers the atmosphere below the melting layer, thus increasing the instability of the lower atmosphere, which is beneficial to the transport of sea surface heat flux and leads to an increase of 4.1% in MCS precipitation. Therefore, the influence of ice phase change latent heat on precipitation is mainly due to the change of regional precipitation by affecting the stability of atmospheric environment, and then affecting the vertical transport and convective development of sensible heat flux and latent heat flux on ocean surface.
【作者单位】： 中国科学院大气物理研究所;中国气象科学研究院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目41375005、41005072、40575003~~
【分类号】：P732
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