湄洲湾北部海底地貌特征研究与分析

发布时间：2019-06-12 09:37

【摘要】：为对湄洲湾北部海底地形地貌特征及其影响因素进行系统的研究,作者利用多波束系统对湄洲湾北部海底地形进行探测,结合研究区内沉积物及潮流特征,对该区域海底地貌特征及其成因进行分析。研究区呈现中部低、南北高的地形格局,其中中部深水区又为近岸深、中间浅的特征,中轴为潮汐水道,水道两侧发育浅滩的海底地貌特征。研究区沉积物组分以砂和粉砂为主,由于研究区大部分表层沉积物中细粒沉积物占主要组分,沉积物具有较强的黏性,而实测资料显示潮流流速较小,因此研究区在常态水动力条件下,海底沉积物很难被冲刷,海底地形变化受潮流影响较小。通过将2012年与2013年研究区的调查结果进行对比发现,研究区海底地形整体变化不大,个别区域地形起伏变化较大,据推测可能是由于人为的挖沙、港口疏浚等因素造成的。因此,短期内影响研究区海底地形变化的主要因素为人为因素。
[Abstract]:In order to systematically study the topographic and geomorphological characteristics of the northern Meizhou Bay and its influencing factors, the authors use the multi-beam system to detect the seafloor topography in the northern Meizhou Bay. Combined with the sediment and tidal current characteristics in the study area, the seafloor geomorphological characteristics and their genesis in this area are analyzed. The study area presents a topographic pattern with low middle and high north and south. The deep water area in the middle of the study area is characterized by deep inshore and shallow middle. The middle axis is a tidal channel, and the seafloor geomorphology features of shoals are developed on both sides of the waterway. The sediment components of the study area are mainly sand and silt. Because the fine sediment accounts for the main component in the surface sediments of the study area, the sediment has strong viscosity, and the measured data show that the tidal current velocity is small, so the seafloor sediment in the study area is difficult to be washed under the normal hydrodynamic conditions, and the change of seafloor topography is less affected by the tidal current. By comparing the survey results of the study area in 2012 and 2013, it is found that the overall change of seafloor topography in the study area is small, and the topographic fluctuation in individual areas varies greatly, which may be caused by artificial sand excavation, port dredging and other factors. Therefore, the main factor affecting the change of seafloor topography in the study area in the short term is human factor.
【作者单位】：中国科学院海洋研究所中科院海洋地质与环境重点实验室;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(41306132) 中国科学院战略先导科技专项(XDA11030101,XDA11040305)~~
【分类号】：P737.2

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