走航式水下多道电阻率测量系统设计与可行性试验

发布时间：2019-06-18 20:48

【摘要】：近年来，近海地质环境问题越来越受到重视。在围绕工程、环境、水文领域开展的调查中，水上走航式直流电阻率法成为有效的探测方法之一，理论研究和应用实例都相对较多。但在深水环境中，，受高导的海水层影响，水上走航式多道直流电阻率法对水下目标体的探测能力有限。而水下走航式电阻法却能将更多的供电电流导入海床中，其有效探测深度明显增大。目前国内外开展的相关研究较少，开展水下走航式多道电阻率法采集技术研究和整套测量装置研制对近海地质环境探测技术具有巨大的推进作用。本文借鉴当前电阻率最新采集技术，初步设计研制了水下走航式多道电阻率探测系统，给出了数据采集、处理方法；通过数值分析研究了影响系统对水下目标体有效探测的因素；通过数值模拟、室内试验以及原位试验测试了系统对海底淤积层、输油管道、电缆及海底冷泉等典型目标体的探测能力。水下走航式多道电阻率测量系统主要包括数据采集系统和多道电缆。其中多道电缆共有11个电极，供电电极A、B位于电缆首端（电极A、B可选择使用），测量电极M1~M8以及公共测量电极N在电缆上等间距分布。在深水环境中（水深大于100m），系统采用AUV或ROV作为水下多道电缆的牵引动力。而在浅水环境中（水深小于100m），水下多道电缆的牵引动力直接来自于母船。数值模拟试验结果表明：电极布设位置与采样间隔是影响水下探测结果的主要因素，而水深与水层电阻率对水下异常体探测结果影响较小；可行性试验结果表明走航式水下直流电阻率法对水下淤积层、海底管道以及海底冷泉有较好的探测效果。本论文的研究为水下走航式电阻率探测的实际应用提供了技术与理论支持。
[Abstract]:In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the problems of offshore geological environment. In the investigation around the fields of engineering, environment and hydrology, the water navigation DC resistance method has become one of the effective detection methods, and there are relatively many theoretical research and application examples. However, in deep water environment, due to the influence of high conductivity sea water layer, the detection ability of multi-channel DC resistance method on water is limited. However, the underwater walking resistance method can introduce more power supply current into the seabed, and the effective detection depth is obviously increased. At present, there are few related research at home and abroad. The research of underwater walking multi-channel resistance method acquisition technology and the development of a whole set of measuring devices have great impetus to the offshore geological environment detection technology. In this paper, based on the latest resistivity acquisition technology, an underwater walking multi-channel resistance detection system is designed and developed, and the data acquisition and processing methods are given. The factors that affect the effective detection of underwater targets are studied by numerical analysis. The detection ability of the system to typical targets such as seafloor siltation layer, oil pipeline, cable and submarine cold spring is tested by numerical simulation, laboratory test and in situ test. Underwater walking multi-channel resistance measurement system mainly includes data acquisition system and multi-channel cable. There are 11 electrodes in many cables, and the power supply electrode A, B is located at the first end of the cable (electrode A, B can be selected for use). The measuring electrode M1~M8 and the common measuring electrode N are evenly spaced on the cable. In deep water environment (water depth is more than 100m), AUV or ROV is used as traction power of underwater multi-channel cable. In shallow water environment (water depth is less than 100m), the traction power of underwater multi-channel cable comes directly from the mother ship. The results of numerical simulation test show that the location and sampling interval of electrode arrangement are the main factors affecting the underwater detection results, while the water depth and water layer resistance have little effect on the detection results of underwater abnormal bodies, and the feasibility test results show that the underwater direct current resistance method has a good detection effect on underwater siltation layer, submarine pipeline and submarine cold spring, and the feasibility test results show that the electrode placement position and sampling interval are the main factors affecting the underwater detection results, while the water depth and water layer resistance have little effect on the underwater abnormal body detection results. The research in this paper provides technical and theoretical support for the practical application of underwater walking resistance detection.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P714.6;X141

【参考文献】