中空纤维膜的层层自组装制备及其在膜式氧合器中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 13:39

本文关键词： 中空纤维膜层层自组装人工肺膜式氧合器硅橡胶　出处：《暨南大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中空纤维膜(HFMs)是体外膜式氧合器(ECMO)进行氧气和二氧化碳与血液交换的的核心材料和关键部件,具有稳定的化学性质和较大的有效膜面积等特点,可以显著降低膜组件的体积,起到免疫屏障作用。HFMs的传统制备技术主要有溶液纺丝法、熔融纺丝-拉伸法和热致相分离法。这些制备方法具有工艺简单,生产效率高,制造成本低等优点。但也存在膜孔径大小难以控制、孔径分布范围较宽、透过能力差、截留性能不稳定、微孔易被堵塞等问题。基于这一现状,本论文通过层层自组装技术(LBL)制备厚度和表面微孔可控的HFMs,利用物理包埋法将肝素钠引入到HFMs,探讨肝素化HFMs的血液相容性及其在ECMO上的应用可行性,本研究取得的创新性研究成果如下:1、利用乙烯基硅橡胶(PDMS)的双键和含氢硅油的硅氢之间的加成反应,通过LBL技术制备了厚度和表面微孔可控的HFMs,探讨了LBL技术的工艺参数(比如聚合物浓度、交联时间、固化时间、固化温度等)对HFMs的成膜性、膜厚度、膜强度、表面形貌和气体交换能力等性能的影响。研究结果表明,当交联时间和固化时间分别为5 s,固化温度范围为50-60℃,PDMS浓度为5.0%,浸涂次数为3次时,LBL技术制备的HFMs的成膜性和透氧性能最佳,而且随着浸涂次数和膜厚度的增加,透氧性能总体减小。因此,可以通过改变浸涂次数来调节HFMs的厚度,获得性能可控的HFMs。2、采用物理包埋法将Hep引入到PDMS交联层中,制备了肝素化PDMS交联膜。通过接触角测试、动态凝血实验、血小板粘附和溶血实验等方法和手段,探讨了肝素化PDMS交联膜的亲水性和血液相容性。与未肝素化的交联膜相比,肝素化PDMS交联膜具有较小的溶血率、更少的血小板粘附和更高的BCI值。肝素化PDMS交联膜的制备方法简单,条件温和、环保,既能够保持肝素的生物活性,又能够降低材料表面与血液之间的界面张力,有利于提高HFMs的血液相容性。3、以聚氨酯塑料管为外壳材料,LBL技术制备的HFMs为基质材料,制作了新型肝素化膜式氧合器组件。采用HFMs管内走气相、管外走液相的方式,以生理盐水和去离子水代替血液,考察了ECMO组件的氧气传输速率和压力降等体外性能。ECMO组件具有较理想的氧气传输速率和压力降,具有良好的氧合效果。在PDMS浓度为5.0%,浸涂次数为3次,当生理盐水和去离子水的流速为450 ml/min时,氧气传输速率分别为48.6 ml/(min?m2)和46.3 ml/(min?m2),同时压力降分别为21.2 mmHg和19.5 mmHg。与未加肝素的ECMO组件相比,由肝素化ECMO组件的氧气传输速率略微降低,压力降略高。肝素的引入对ECMO组件的氧气传输速率和压力降影响并不大。综上所述,本研究通过层层自组装技术制备中空纤维膜,该方法可以克服传统制备方法的缺陷,制备工艺简单、可连续化生产、性能可控,将为中空纤维膜的工业制备提供借鉴;同时,制作的新型肝素化膜式氧合器组件,可以减小血浆渗漏,提高其血液相容性,将为膜式人工肺的研究提供新的思路和应用价值。
[Abstract]:Hollow fiber membrane (HFMs) is an extracorporeal membrane oxygenator (ECMO) of blood and oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange core materials and key components, has stable chemical properties and high effective membrane area, can significantly reduce the membrane volume, play a role in immune defense of the traditional preparation technology.HFMs the main solution spinning, melt spinning and stretching method and thermally induced phase separation method. The preparation method has the advantages of simple process, high production efficiency, low manufacturing cost and other advantages. But there are also difficult to control the pore size, pore size distribution is wider, through interception ability, unstable performance, the problem is easy to block pores. Based on this situation, this paper by self-assembly technique (LBL) was prepared and the thickness of surface micro controlled HFMs, using physical embedding method of heparin sodium into the HFMs of heparinized blood compatibility and HFMs The feasibility of the application of ECMO, the innovative results of this research are as follows: 1, the use of vinyl silicone rubber (PDMS) reaction between double bond and hydrogen containing silicone and the preparation technology of the LBL, the thickness and surface micro controlled HFMs, discusses the process parameters of LBL Technology (for example, polymer concentration, curing time, curing time, curing temperature) on the membrane of HFMs film thickness, film strength, influence the performance of surface morphology and gas exchange ability. The results show that, when the crosslinking time and curing time were 5 s, curing temperature range of 50-60 DEG C, the concentration of PDMS was 5%, dipping 3 times, film and oxygen permeability of the best preparation technology of HFMs LBL, and with the increasing numbers of dip coating and film thickness, the oxygen permeability decreased. Therefore, by changing the dipping times to adjust the thickness of the HFMs gain performance, controllable HFMs.2, by physical Entrapping Method to introduce Hep to PDMS cross-linking layer, heparinized crosslinked PDMS membranes were prepared by the contact angle test, dynamic blood clotting test, hemolysis test and platelet adhesion and other means, to explore the hydrophilicity of heparinized PDMS crosslinked membrane and blood compatibility. Compared with crosslinked membrane no heparin, hemolytic heparinized PDMS crosslinked membrane has a smaller rate, less platelet adhesion and high BCI value. The preparation method of heparinized PDMS crosslinked membrane is simple, mild conditions, environmental protection, both to maintain the bioactivity of heparin, and can reduce the interfacial tension between the low surface and blood. To improve the blood compatibility of HFMs.3 with polyurethane plastic pipe as the shell material, LBL prepared HFMs as matrix material, produced a new heparinized membrane oxygenator components. Using HFMs tube air phase, the tubes and the way of the liquid phase of the students Saline and deionized water instead of blood, the effects of ECMO components of the oxygen transfer rate and pressure drop in the performance of.ECMO module with the oxygen transfer rate and pressure drop of the ideal, has good oxygenation effect. When the concentration of PDMS was 5%, dipping 3 times, when saline water and deionized water flow rate 450 ml/min, oxygen transfer rate were 48.6 ml/ (min? M2) and 46.3 ml/ (min? M2), at the same time compared to pressure drop were ECMO 21.2 mmHg and 19.5 mmHg. components with heparin, oxygen transmission rate slightly ECMO components by heparinization reduced pressure drop into heparin slightly higher. The oxygen transfer rate and pressure drop of the ECMO component does not have a significant impact. In summary, this study by self-assembly technique for preparation of hollow fiber membrane, this method can overcome the shortcomings of the traditional preparation method, the preparation process is simple, can be continuous production performance The control will provide reference for industrial preparation of hollow fiber membrane. Meanwhile, the new heparinized membrane oxygenator assembly can reduce plasma leakage and improve blood compatibility, which will provide new ideas and application value for the research of membrane artificial lung.

【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TQ051.893

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