NO的制备及其杂质深度脱除研究

发布时间：2018-03-02 23:08

  本文选题：NO　切入点：常温吸附　出处：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前NO作为新型的功能材料,被广泛应用于化工合成、半导体电子行业、航天航空等领域,特别是在医疗和生命科学领域,研究发现NO几乎参与了生命体所有的机能活动,通过调节人体NO的代谢状况可以有效治疗高血压、糖尿病、心脑血管疾病、癌症等疑难杂症。化工生产制备的NO当中含有一些有害杂质,这些杂质的存在将严重影响NO在上述高新领域的应用,因此必须想办法进行除杂纯化。NO的合成方法有很多种,本课题选择以稀硫酸与亚硝酸钠为原料制备NO,反应生成的气体经初步除杂获得粗制产品,粗制产品再经过深度脱除杂质获得高纯的NO产品,重点讨论了相关杂质的脱除工艺及具体的工艺参数,主要的研究成果如下：1、本课题选择以一定浓度稀硫酸与亚硝酸钠为原料直接发生氧化还原反应制备NO气体,该方法产品收率高,且杂质含量较低,反应生成的NO气体经碱洗和碱塔干燥过程初步除杂后,可以得到纯度达到99%的粗制NO产品。2、粗制NO气体中的主要杂质包括H2O、CO2、N2O、NO2、N2等,分别用露点仪、气相色谱仪、检气管等分析检测手段来确定杂质的含量。3、分别采用硅胶、分子筛常温吸附,活性炭低温吸附,反复冷冻抽空等方法对粗制NO气体深度脱除,取得理想效果。4、考察了分子筛常温吸附时压力对NO气体中杂质脱除效果的影响,表明随着系统压力的增高,NO中相关杂质含量明显降低。5、考察了活性炭低温吸附时温度、压力对NO气体中杂质脱除效果的影响,表明随着温度的降低,活性炭对NO中相关杂质的吸附效果明显提高,但当温度低于-100℃时,很容易造成活性炭吸附器堵塞：随着压力的增高,NO中相关杂质含量降低。6、先低温冷冻抽空再常温抽空可有效脱除NO中的N2,采用两级金属筛网过滤器能有效减少固体颗粒物。
[Abstract]:At present, no, as a new functional material, has been widely used in chemical synthesis, semiconductor electronics, aerospace and other fields, especially in medical and life sciences. It has been found that no is involved in almost all the functional activities of life. By regulating the metabolism of no in human body, we can effectively treat hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, cancer and other complicated diseases. The presence of these impurities will seriously affect the application of no in the above-mentioned high-tech fields, so there are many kinds of synthetic methods for removing impurities and purifying .NO. In this paper, no was prepared from dilute sulfuric acid and sodium nitrite. The gas produced by the reaction was preliminarily removed to obtain the crude product, and the crude product was further removed to obtain the high purity no product. The main research results are as follows: 1. In this paper, the redox reaction of a certain concentration of dilute sulfuric acid and sodium nitrite is selected to produce no gas directly. The product yield is high, and the impurity content is low. The crude no product with purity of 99% can be obtained after the reaction gas is removed by alkali washing and alkali tower drying process. The main impurities in crude no gas include H _ 2O _ 2CO _ 2N _ 2O _ 2 no _ 2N _ 2, etc. Dew point instrument, gas chromatograph and trachea were used to determine the impurity content. Silica gel, molecular sieve adsorption at room temperature, activated carbon adsorption at low temperature and repeated freeze-out were used to remove crude no gas deeply. The effect of pressure on the removal of impurities in no gas was investigated during adsorption at room temperature. The results showed that the impurity content in no decreased significantly with the increase of system pressure, and the temperature of adsorption at low temperature was investigated. The effect of pressure on the removal efficiency of impurities in no gas shows that the adsorption effect of activated carbon on impurities in no is obviously improved with the decrease of temperature, but when the temperature is lower than -100 鈩，

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